Rectenas para el Coechamiento de Energía de los Sistemas de Comunicaciones en RF: Una Revisión. / Rectennas for Energy Harvesting from RF Communication Systems: A Review.

• Andry Carmelo Contreras Chacon Escuela de Ingeniería Eléctrica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, C.P. 4001, Venezuela.
• Maryory Urdaneta Herrera Escuela de Ingeniería Eléctrica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, C.P. 4001, Venezuela.

Palabras clave: rectenas, cosechamiento de energía, sistemas de comunicaciones en RF. / rectennas, energy harvesting, rf communication systems.

Resumen

Resumen

El presente artículo tuvo como objetivo caracterizar el desempeño de las rectenas utilizadas en los sistemas de comunicaciones en radiofrecuencia, con la finalidad de identificar aspectos relevantes en las distintas etapas que conforman esta fuente de energía. En esta investigación, se realizó una revisión documental de artículos acerca de rectenas que recolectan energía de los sistemas de telefonía móvil, redes de área local inalámbrica (WLAN) y aplicaciones ISM. Los resultados muestran que la antena más empleada en estos sistemas ha sido la monopolo con parche rectangular. El rectificador más usado ha sido el doblador de voltaje, con el cual se ha obtenido una eficiencia de conversión RF-DC máxima de 93%. Adicionalmente, se obtuvo que el elemento de interconexión más utilizado ha sido el acoplador de impedancia de sección L convencional. La máxima eficiencia de conversión obtenida fue 87% para el sistema WLAN a 2,45 GHz. Se concluye que existe una variedad de criterios para el diseño de rectenas para una aplicación dada. Como futuras investigaciones se plantea establecer criterios particulares para cada aplicación que permitan obtener el mejor rendimiento posible y optimizar las etapas de las rectenas para alcanzar una mayor eficiencia de conversión y cosechar más energía.

Abstract

The purpose of this work was to characterize the performance of rectennas used on radiofrequency communication systems in order to identify relevant aspects in their different elements. In this research, a documental review of rectennas’ articles for mobile telephony, wireless local area networks (WLAN) and ISM applications was carried out. Results showed that the monopole with rectangular patch has been the most used antenna. The voltage doubler has been the most utilized rectifier, which has a maximum conversion efficiency of 93%. Additionally, conventional impedance matching of L-section has been the most used interconnection element. The highest maximum conversion efficiency obtained was 87% for WLAN at 2.45 GHz system. It was concluded that there is a wide variety of criteria to design rectennas for a determined application. Future research could be conducted to establish particular criteria for each application with the purpose of determining the configuration that has the best performance and to optimize each element of the rectenna in order to obtain a higher conversion efficiency and to harvest more energy.

 

https://doi.org/10.22209/rt.v43n2a05

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