Riqueza socioemocional en la implementación de Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible en empresas familiares
Palabras clave:
Empresas familiares, riqueza socioemocional, objetivos de desarrollo sostenible, teoría de grupos de interés, responsabilidad social corporativa
Resumen
Cada vez son más las empresas familiares que se promueven como agentes del desarrollo sostenible. El objetivo de la investigación es identificar, a través de las teorías de los grupos de interés y riqueza socioemocional, la presencia de la dotación familiar, en la filosofía corporativa de nueve empresas familiares mexicanas estratificadas como grandes, que actualmente reportan su alineación con los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible. La investigación es cualitativa con metodología de análisis de datos cualitativos, consistente en tres ciclos de codificación procesados en el programa ATLAS.ti versión 9 con datos extraídos de memorias de sostenibilidad del periodo 2021. Los resultados indican que las empresas familiares integran en su filosofía: el liderazgo con capacidad de transformación para su permanencia y crecimiento; marcas de calidad íntegras y transparentes; su compromiso por un medioambiente sostenible; el desarrollo de comunidades locales; impulso por capital humano pleno; construcción y desarrollo de redes de comunidades sociales; y trascendencia y permanencia en el futuro. Se concluye la presencia de las dimensiones de Riqueza Socioemocional en la filosofía empresarial en las empresas familiares que integran estrategias sostenibles, destacando el aporte de evidencia empírica de cómo el control familiar, la imagen corporativa y los intereses intergeneracionales se reflejan en los pilares de la filosofía empresarial.
Citas
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• Kellermanns, F. W., Eddleston, K. A., Hall, H., & Zellweger, T. M. (2012). Extending the Socioemotional Wealth Perspective: A Look at the Dark Side. Entrepreneurship: Theory & Practice, 36(6), 1175–1182. https://0-doi-org.biblioteca-ils.tec.mx/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2012.00544.x
• Lansberg, I. S. (1983). Managing Human Resources in Family Firms: The Problem of Institutional Overlap. Organizational Dynamics, 12(1), 1175-1182. Art. 1. https://doi.org/10.1016/0090-2616(83)90025-6
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• Poza, E. (2011). Empresas Familiares. (3ra. Ed.). Cengage Learning.
• Randerson, K. (2022). Conceptualizing family business social responsibility. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 174, 121225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2021.121225
• Rivera-Hernández, J. E., Blanco-Orozco, N. V., Alcántara-Salinas, G., Houbron, E. P., & Pérez-Sato, J. A. (2017). ¿Desarrollo sostenible o sustentable? La controversia de un concepto. Posgrado y Sociedad Revista Electrónica del Sistema de Estudios de Posgrado, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.22458/rpys.v15i1.1825
• Román, M. B. M., Torres, M. D., González, V. C., & Salinas, E. J. (2020). Emprendimientos familiares: Fortalezas y debilidades para su continuidad. Revista Venezolana de Gerencia, 25(3). https://doi.org/10.37960/rvg.v25i3.33390
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• Sharma, P., & Sharma, S. (2021). Pioneering business families committed to sustainable development. En Pioneering Family Firms’ Sustainable Development Strategies (pp. 2-50). Edward Elgar Publishing.
• Signori, S., & Fassin, Y. (2021). Family Members’ Salience in Family Business: An Identity-Based Stakeholder Approach. Journal of Business Ethics, 183, 191–211. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-021-04998-8
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• Berrone, P., Cruz, C., & Gomez-Mejia, L. R. (2012). Socioemotional Wealth in Family Firms: Theoretical Dimensions, Assessment Approaches, and Agenda for Future Research. Family Business Review, 25(3), 258-279. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894486511435355
• Berrone, P., Cruz, C., Gomez-Mejia, L., & Larraza-Kintana, M. (2010). Socioemotional Wealth and Corporate Responses to Institutional Pressures: Do Family-Controlled Firms Pollute Less? Administrative Science Quarterly, 55, 113-182. https://doi.org/10.2189/asqu.2010.55.1.82
• Bowen, G. A. (2009). Document Analysis as a Qualitative Research Method. Qualitative Research Journal, 9(2), 27-40. https://doi.org/10.3316/QRJ0902027
• Bukalska, E., Zinecker, M., & Pietrzak, M. B. (2021). Socioemotional Wealth (SEW) of Family Firms and CEO Behavioral Biases in the Implementation of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Energies, 14(21), Art. 21. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14217411
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• Cennamo, C., Berrone, P., Cruz, C., & Gomez–Mejia, L. R. (2012). Socioemotional Wealth and Proactive Stakeholder Engagement: Why Family–Controlled Firms Care More about their Stakeholders. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 36, 1153-1173. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2012.00543.x
• Chakravorti, B. (2015). What Businesses Need to Know About Sustainable Development Goals. Harvard Business Review Digital Articles, 2-5. https://hbr.org/2015/11/what-businesses-need-to-know-about-sustainable-development-goals
• Chiang, H.-T., Lin, Y.-C., & Chen, W.-W. (2022). Does family business affect the relationship between corporate social responsibility and brand value? A study in different industry Taiwan. Asia Pacific Management Review, 27(1), 28-39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmrv.2021.04.002
• Combs, J. G., Jaskiewicz, P., Ravi, R., & Walls, J. L. (2023). More Bang for Their Buck: Why (and When) Family Firms Better Leverage Corporate Social Responsibility. Journal of Management, 49(2), 575-605. https://doi.org/10.1177/01492063211066057
• Daniel-Vasconcelos, V., Ribeiro, M. de S., & Crisóstomo, V. L. (2022). Does gender diversity moderate the relationship between CSR committees and Sustainable Development Goals disclosure? Evidence from Latin American companies. RAUSP Management Journal, 57, 434-456. https://doi.org/10.1108/RAUSP-02-2022-0063
• David, F., & David, F. (2017). Conceptos de administración estratégica. (15th Ed.). Pearson HispanoAmerica.
• Dayan, M., Ng, P. Y., & Ndubisi, N. O. (2019). Mindfulness, socioemotional wealth, and environmental strategy of family businesses. Business Strategy and the Environment, 28(3), 466-481. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.2222
• Delfín-Ruiz, C., Cano-Guzmán, R., & Peña-Valencia, E. J. (2020). Funcionabilidad familiar como estrategia para la generación del emprendimiento social en México. Revista Venezolana de Gerencia, 25(89). https://doi.org/10.37960/revista.v25i89.31387
• Dillard, J., & Murray, A. (2012). Deciphering the domain of corporate social responsibility. En Corporate Social Responsibility (1st Edition, pp. 10-27). Routledge.
• Ernst, R.-A., Gerken, M., Hack, A., & Hülsbeck, M. (2022). Family firms as agents of sustainable development: A normative perspective. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 174, 121135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2021.121135
• Freeman, R. E. (2010). Strategic Management: A Stakeholder Approach. Cambridge University Press.
• Gomez-Mejia, L. R., Haynes, K. T., Núñez-Nickel, M., Jacobson, K. J. L., & Moyano-Fuentes, J. (2007). Socioemotional Wealth and Business Risks in Family-controlled Firms: Evidence from Spanish Olive Oil Mills: Administrative Science Quarterly, 52, 106-137. https://doi.org/10.2189/asqu.52.1.106
• Gomez-Mejia, L., Cruz, C., Berrone, P., & Castro, J. (2011). The Bind that Ties: Socioemotional Wealth Preservation in Family Firms. The Academy of Management Annals, 5, 653-707. https://doi.org/10.1080/19416520.2011.593320
• Grupo Bimbo. (2021a). Informe Anual Integrado 2021 (pp. 1-259). Bimbo. https://grupobimbo-com-assets.s3.amazonaws.com/s3fs-public/reportes-2022/bimbo_informe_anual2021.pdf?VersionId=F2Bsctb6Ci_ytb2qLM6EmHSK1J_zCDrk
• Grupo Bimbo. (2021b). Página Corporativa Grupo Bimbo [Página Corporativa]. Grupo Bimbo. https://bimbo.com.mx/es
• Grupo Elektra. (2021). Informe de Sustentabilidad 2021. Generamos prosperidad incluyente. (pp. 1-162). Grupo Elektra. https://www.grupoelektra.com.mx/Documents/Es/Downloads/Grupo-Elektra-Informe-de-Sustentabilidad-2021-Esp.pdf
• Grupo Herdez. (2019). [Página Institucional]. Grupo Herdez. https://grupoherdez.com.mx/
• Grupo Herdez. (2021a). Estrategia de Sustentabilidad 2020-2025 PLAYBOOK. (pp. 1-14). https://grupoherdez.com.mx/storage/2022/01/220111-playbook-Grupo-Herdez-Sustentabilidad.pdf
• Grupo Herdez. (2021b). Informe Anual Integrado 2021. Creamos valor para México (pp. 1-40). Grupo Herdez. https://grupoherdez.com.mx/storage/2022/07/GrupoHERDEZ_InformeAnual21-espanol.pdf
• Industrias Peñoles. (2023). [Página Institucional]. Industrias Peñoles. https://www.penoles.com.mx/
• Kellermanns, F. W., Eddleston, K. A., Hall, H., & Zellweger, T. M. (2012). Extending the Socioemotional Wealth Perspective: A Look at the Dark Side. Entrepreneurship: Theory & Practice, 36(6), 1175–1182. https://0-doi-org.biblioteca-ils.tec.mx/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2012.00544.x
• Lansberg, I. S. (1983). Managing Human Resources in Family Firms: The Problem of Institutional Overlap. Organizational Dynamics, 12(1), 1175-1182. Art. 1. https://doi.org/10.1016/0090-2616(83)90025-6
• Liu, G., Yin, Q., & Zhang, L. (2022). Relations between entrepreneur’s social identity and strategic entrepreneurship: Sustainable leadership as mediator. En Frontiers in Psychology (Vol. 13). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.903927
• Lu, J., Liang, M., Zhang, C., Rong, D., Guan, H., Mazeikaite, K., & Streimikis, J. (2021). Assessment of corporate social responsibility by addressing sustainable development goals. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 28(2), 686-703. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.2081
• Organización Soriana (2021). Informe de Responsabilidad Social y Sostenibilidad 2021 (pp. 1-138). Organización Soriana. https://www.organizacionsoriana.com/pdf/Infome%20Anual/2021/Informe%20Soriana%202021_web_baja.pdf
• Peñoles. (2021). Informe de Desarrollo Sostenible 2021. Evolución hacia un futuro sostenible. (pp. 1-118). Industrias Peñoles, S.A.B. de C.V. https://www.penoles.com.mx/IDS21/pdf/PENOLES-IS2021.pdf
• Poza, E. (2011). Empresas Familiares. (3ra. Ed.). Cengage Learning.
• Randerson, K. (2022). Conceptualizing family business social responsibility. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 174, 121225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2021.121225
• Rivera-Hernández, J. E., Blanco-Orozco, N. V., Alcántara-Salinas, G., Houbron, E. P., & Pérez-Sato, J. A. (2017). ¿Desarrollo sostenible o sustentable? La controversia de un concepto. Posgrado y Sociedad Revista Electrónica del Sistema de Estudios de Posgrado, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.22458/rpys.v15i1.1825
• Román, M. B. M., Torres, M. D., González, V. C., & Salinas, E. J. (2020). Emprendimientos familiares: Fortalezas y debilidades para su continuidad. Revista Venezolana de Gerencia, 25(3). https://doi.org/10.37960/rvg.v25i3.33390
• Sachs, J., Schmidt-Traub, G., Kroll, C., Lafortune, G., Fuller, G., & Woelm, F. (2020). The Sustainable Development Goals and COVID-19. Sustainable Development Report 2020. (pp. 1-520). Cambridge University Press. https://s3.amazonaws.com/sustainabledevelopment.report/2020/2020_sustainable_development_report.pdf
• Saldaña, J. (2013). The Coding Manual for Qualitative Researchers. (2da ed.). SAGE.
• Saldaña, J. (2014). Coding and Analysis Strategies. En The Oxford Handbook of Qualitative Research (pp. 581-605). Oxford University Press.
• Schönherr, N., Findler, F., & Martinuzzi, A. (2017). Exploring the interface of CSR and the Sustainable Development Goals. Transnational Corporations, 24(3), 33-47. https://unctad.org/system/files/official-document/diaeia2017d4a3_en.pdf
• Sharma, P., & Sharma, S. (2021). Pioneering business families committed to sustainable development. En Pioneering Family Firms’ Sustainable Development Strategies (pp. 2-50). Edward Elgar Publishing.
• Signori, S., & Fassin, Y. (2021). Family Members’ Salience in Family Business: An Identity-Based Stakeholder Approach. Journal of Business Ethics, 183, 191–211. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-021-04998-8
• Tagiuri, R., & Davis, J. (1996). Bivalent Attributes of the Family Firm. Family Business Review, 9(2), 199–208. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-6248.1996.00199.x
• TV Azteca. (2021). Informe de Sustentabilidad 2021 (pp. 1-88). https://www.irtvazteca.com/documents/es/Downloads/TV-Azteca-Informe-de-Sustentabilidad-2021-Esp.pdf
• Wu, B., Monfort, A., Jin, C., & Shen, X. (2022). Substantial response or impression management? Compliance strategies for sustainable development responsibility in family firms. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 174, 121214. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2021.121214
• Yin, R. K. (1994). Discovering the Future of the Case Study. Method in Evaluation Research. Evaluation Practice, 15(3), 283-290. https://doi.org/10.1177/109821409401500309
• Zarefar, A., Agustia, D., & Soewarno, N. (2022). Bridging the Gap between Sustainability Disclosure and Firm Performance in Indonesian Firms: The Moderating Effect of the Family Firm. Sustainability, 14(19). https://doi.org/10.3390/su141912022
• Zellweger, T. M., Kellermanns, F. W., Chrisman, J. J., & Chua, J. H. (2012). Family Control and Family Firm Valuation by Family CEOs: The Importance of Intentions for Transgenerational Control. Organization Science, 23, 851-868. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.1110.0665
• Zientara, P. (2017). Socioemotional Wealth and Corporate Social Responsibility: A Critical Analysis. Journal of Business Ethics, 144(1), 185-199. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-015-2848-1
Publicado
2023-03-27
Cómo citar
Rivera-Álvarez, L. Y., Hernández-Calzada, M. A., & Pérez-Hernández, C. C. (2023). Riqueza socioemocional en la implementación de Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible en empresas familiares. Revista Venezolana De Gerencia, 28(102), 713-733. https://doi.org/10.52080/rvgluz.28.102.17
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