Información contable como estimador del efecto económico del COVID-19 en las empresas: Análisis sistemático de la literatura
Palabras clave:
COVID-19, paradigma de la utilidad, información contable, toma de decisiones, contabilidad
Resumen
La pandemia de COVID-19 ha causado grandes impactos, entre los que se destacan los de orden económico. En investigación empírica en contabilidad, la información contable ha sido utilizada como un estimador eficiente de diversas variables del mercado que afectan a las empresas; no obstante, las limitaciones en el uso de la información contable son cambiantes y aún están en construcción. El objetivo es categorizar el uso de la información contable como un estimador del efecto económico de la pandemia de COVID-19 en las empresas. Se realizó una investigación de tipo documental, enfoque cualitativo, método inductivo, alcance descriptivo y diseño longitudinal, que revisó artículos de Scopus que utilizaron datos contables para estudiar el impacto económico de la COVID-19 en las empresas. Los resultados develan las variables utilizadas para medir el efecto económico, la metodología aplicada y el tipo de uso de los datos contables. Este trabajo contribuye a la literatura al ordenar la discusión académica del efecto económico de la COVID-19 en las empresas, señalando una ruta metodológica que vincula datos contables como un indicador empírico óptimo y versátil. Se concluye que la información contable es útil en la investigación empírica, ampliando el alcance del paradigma de la utilidad.
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Aharon, D. Y., y Siev, S. (2021). COVID-19, government interventions and emerging capital markets performance. Research in International Business and Finance, 58, 101492. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ribaf.2021.101492
Allsop, D. B., Chelladurai, J. M., Kimball, E. R., Marks, L. D., y Hendricks, J. J. (2022). Qualitative methods with NVivo Software: A practical guide for analyzing qualitative data. Psych, 4(2), 142-159. https://doi.org/10.3390/psych4020013
Ball, R. (1989). The firms as a specialist contracting intermediary: Application to accounting and auditing. University of Rochester. https://faculty.chicagobooth.edu/-/media/faculty/ray-ball/research/papers/the-firm-as-a-specialist-contracting-intermediary.pdf
Ball, R., y Brown, P. (1968). An empirical evaluation of accounting income numbers. Journal of Accounting Research, 6(2), 159-178. https://doi.org/10.2307/2490232
Beaver, W. H. (1966). Financial ratios as predictors of failure. Journal of Accounting Research, 4, 71.111. https://doi.org/10.2307/2490171
Bilgiç, M. E., y Stoeffler, Q. (2025). Growth, crises, and COVID-19: Tracking poverty changes in Turkey from 2003 to 2021. Review of Development Economic, 29(4), 2076-2093. https://doi.org/10.1111/rode.13196
Cañedo, R., Rodríguez, R., y Montejo, M. (2010). Scopus: La mayor base de datos de literatura científica arbitrada al alcance de los países subdesarrollados. Revista Cubana de ACIMED, 21(3), 270-282. https://revistaseden.org/boletin/files/4410_articulo.pdf
Castellano, A. G. (2020). Efectos del COVID-19 en la colapsada economía venezolana del siglo XXI. Revista Venezolana de Gerencia, 25(91), 774-778. https://produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/rvg/article/view/33165/0
Chen, W., y Zhang, L. (2025). Corporate digital transformation and tax uncertainty: evidence from China. International Journal of Emerging Markets, In Press. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOEM-07-2024-1187
Cudjoe, E. Y., y Awuye, I. S. (2024). COVID-19 induced economic uncertainty and value relevance of accounting information: European evidence. Journal of Accounting and Taxation, 16(2), 73-79. https://academicjournals.org/journal/JAT/article-full-text-pdf/2D41BAA72200
Datar, S., Jain, A., Wang, C. C. Y., y Zhang, S. (2020). Is accounting useful for forecasting GDP growth? A machine learning perspective. SSRN. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3827510
De Lorenzo, I., Lima, D., y Maia, D. (2025). Prudential policy treatments to the COVID-19 economic crisis: An assessment of the effects. Macroeconomic Dynamics, 29, e129. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1365100525100370
Easton, P. D. (1999). Security returns and the value relevance of accounting data. Accounting Horizons, 13(4), 399-412. https://doi.org/10.2308/acch.1999.13.4.399
Escalante, T. M., Flores, L., Pilco, M. H., y Moya, M. F. (2025). Evolución del comercio electrónico en Ecuador: Un recorrido documental desde 2019 hasta 2025. Revista de Ciencias Sociales (Ve), XXXI(3), 334-348. https://doi.org/10.31876/rcs.v31i3.44287
Fama, E. F. (1965). The Behavior of Stock-Market Prices. The Journal of Business, 38(1), 34-105. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2350752
Fama, E. F. (1970). Efficient capital markets: A review of theory and empirical work. The Journal of Finance, 25(2), 383-417. https://doi.org/10.2307/2325486
Fama, E. F. (1976). Efficient capital markets: Reply. The Journal of Finance, 31(1), 143-145. https://doi.org/10.2307/2326404
Feyisa, B., Karafo, A., y Aweke, H. (2025). The economic impact of Covid-19 on privately owned businesses: A case study of Jinka Town. Cogent Economics & Finance, 13(1), 2488395. https://doi.org/10.1080/23322039.2025.2488395
Gaertner, F. B., Kausar, A., y Steele, L. B. (2020). Negative accounting earnings and gross domestic product. Review of Accounting Studies, 25, 1382-1409. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11142-020-09536-x
Giacomini, R. (2015). Economic theory and forecasting: lessons from the literature. The Econometrics Journal, 8(2), C22-C41. http://www.jstor.org/stable/43697692
Giner, B. (2001). La utilidad de la información contable desde la perspectiva del mercado: ¿Evolución o revolución de la investigación? Revista de Contabilidad, 4(7), 21-52. https://revistas.um.es/rcsar/article/view/385801
Guirao-Goris, J. A., Olmedo, Á., y Ferrer, E. (2008). El artículo de revisión. Revista Iberoamericana de Enfermería Comunitaria, 1(1), 1-25. https://www.uv.es/joguigo/valencia/Recerca_files/el_articulo_de_revision.pdf
Harymawan, I., y Rahayu, N. K. (2022). A review of COVID-19-related research in accounting. Cogent Business & Management, 9(1), 2116798. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2022.2116798
Heiniger, S., Koeniger, W., y Lechner, M. (2025). The heterogeneous response of real estate prices during the Covid-19 pandemic. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A: Statistics in Society, 188(3), 819-842. https://doi.org/10.1093/jrsssa/qnae078
Hermalin, B. E., y Weisbach, M. S. (2012). Information disclosure and corporate governance. Journal of Finance, 67(1), 195-233. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.2011.01710.x
Hernández, R., Fernández, C., y Baptista, M. D. P. (2014). Metodología de la investigación. McGraw-Hill/ Interamericana Editores S.A. de C.V.
Jensen, M. C., y Meckling, W. H. (1976). Theory of the firm: managerial behavior, agency costs and ownership structure. Journal of Financial Economics, 3(4), 305-360. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-405X(76)90026-X
Jones, J. J. (1991). Investigations, earnings management during import relief. Journal of Accounting Research, 29(2), 193-228. https://doi.org/10.2307/2491047
Kocaarslan, B., y Soytas, U. (2023). The role of major markets in predicting the U.S. municipal green bond market performance: New evidence from machine learning models. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 196, 122820. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2023.122820
Krippendorff, K. (2019). Content analysis: An introduction to its methodology. SAGE Publications, Inc. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781071878781
Lincoln, Y. S., y Guba, E. (1985). Naturalistic Inquiry. Sage Publications.
López, A., Murillo, F. D. L., y Pérez, J. M. (2025). Covid-19 y vulnerabilidad social: Análisis de la situación de las personas refugiadas en la Unión Europea. Revista de Ciencias Sociales (Ve), XXXI(3), 162-176. https://doi.org/10.31876/rcs.v31i3.44275
Marruecos, M. E. (2020). Notas de actualidad. Incidencia del Covid-19 en el derecho humano fundamental a la libertad ambulatoria. Revista de Ciencias Sociales (Ve), XXVI(2), 13-15. https://doi.org/10.31876/rcs.v26i2.32418
McEwen, R. A., y Welsh, M. J. (2001). The effect of bias on decision usefulness: A review of behavioral financial accounting research. In J. E. Hunton (Ed.), Advances in Accounting Behavioral Research (Vol. 4). Emerald Group Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-7979(01)04066-2
Ohlson, J. A. (1995). Earning, book values and dividends in equity valuation. Contemporary Accounting Research, 11(2), 661-687. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1911-3846.1995.tb00461.x
Packer, M. (2018). La ciencia de la investigación cualitativa. Ediciones Uniandes.
Rico, J. D., Galviz, D. F., Jiménez, A., y Aristizábal, L. Y. (2022). Sistema de indicadores de eficiencia financiera para las pymes del sector textil de Medellín-Colombia. Revista de Ciencias Sociales (Ve), XXVIII(E-6), 441-460. https://doi.org/10.31876/rcs.v28i.38857
Rogošić, A. (2021). Public sector cost accounting and information usefulness in decision-making. Public Sector Economics, 45(2), 209-227. https://www.pse-journal.hr/en/archive/public-sector-cost-accounting-and-information-usefulness-in-decision-making_7170/
Ross, S. A. (1973). The economic theory of agency: the principal´s problem. American Economic Review, 63(2), 134-139. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1817064
Sattar, M., y Jalal, R. (2024). Impact of Covid-19 on firm performance: A systematic literature review using PRISMA framework. Journal of Risk Analysis and Crisis Response, 14(4), 518-545. https://doi.org/10.54560/jracr.v14i4.561
Shakespeare, C. (2020). Reporting matters: the real effects of financial reporting on investing and financing decisions. Accounting and Business Research, 50(5). 425-442. https://doi.org/10.1080/00014788.2020.1770928
Stark, A. W. (2004). Estimating economic performance from accounting data- a review and synthesis. The British Accounting Review, 36(4), 321-343. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bar.2004.06.005
Staubus, G. J. (2000). The decision usefulness theory of accounting: A limited history. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203055533
Tobón, L. N., Urquía, E., y Cano, E. I. (2023). Impacto de la información financiera en la consecución del desarrollo empresarial en Colombia. Revista de Ciencias Sociales (Ve), XXIX(2), 297-314. https://doi.org/10.31876/rcs.v29i2.3997
Toborek-Mazur, J., y Partacz, K. (2022). Evaluating synergy in mergers and acquisitions during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Theoretical Journal of Accounting, 46(1), 101-118. https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.7990
Watts, R. L., y Zimmerman, J. L. (1986). Positive accounting theory. Prentice Hall International.
Xie, X., Zhang, J., Zong, S., y Liu, L. L. (2024). Real and Accrual based Earnings Management During Covid 19 Pandemic. Pan-Pacific Journal of Business Research, 15(2), 1-21. https://iacademicresearch.org/index.php/volume-15-no-2-fall-2024/real-and-accrual-based-earnings-management-during-covid-19-pandemic
Yoshinaga, Y., y Nakano, M. (2021). Aggregate earnings informativeness and economic shocks: International evidence. Asia-Pacific Journal of Accounting & Economics, 30(1), 196-211. https://doi.org/10.1080/16081625.2021.1952084
Aharon, D. Y., y Siev, S. (2021). COVID-19, government interventions and emerging capital markets performance. Research in International Business and Finance, 58, 101492. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ribaf.2021.101492
Allsop, D. B., Chelladurai, J. M., Kimball, E. R., Marks, L. D., y Hendricks, J. J. (2022). Qualitative methods with NVivo Software: A practical guide for analyzing qualitative data. Psych, 4(2), 142-159. https://doi.org/10.3390/psych4020013
Ball, R. (1989). The firms as a specialist contracting intermediary: Application to accounting and auditing. University of Rochester. https://faculty.chicagobooth.edu/-/media/faculty/ray-ball/research/papers/the-firm-as-a-specialist-contracting-intermediary.pdf
Ball, R., y Brown, P. (1968). An empirical evaluation of accounting income numbers. Journal of Accounting Research, 6(2), 159-178. https://doi.org/10.2307/2490232
Beaver, W. H. (1966). Financial ratios as predictors of failure. Journal of Accounting Research, 4, 71.111. https://doi.org/10.2307/2490171
Bilgiç, M. E., y Stoeffler, Q. (2025). Growth, crises, and COVID-19: Tracking poverty changes in Turkey from 2003 to 2021. Review of Development Economic, 29(4), 2076-2093. https://doi.org/10.1111/rode.13196
Cañedo, R., Rodríguez, R., y Montejo, M. (2010). Scopus: La mayor base de datos de literatura científica arbitrada al alcance de los países subdesarrollados. Revista Cubana de ACIMED, 21(3), 270-282. https://revistaseden.org/boletin/files/4410_articulo.pdf
Castellano, A. G. (2020). Efectos del COVID-19 en la colapsada economía venezolana del siglo XXI. Revista Venezolana de Gerencia, 25(91), 774-778. https://produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/rvg/article/view/33165/0
Chen, W., y Zhang, L. (2025). Corporate digital transformation and tax uncertainty: evidence from China. International Journal of Emerging Markets, In Press. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOEM-07-2024-1187
Cudjoe, E. Y., y Awuye, I. S. (2024). COVID-19 induced economic uncertainty and value relevance of accounting information: European evidence. Journal of Accounting and Taxation, 16(2), 73-79. https://academicjournals.org/journal/JAT/article-full-text-pdf/2D41BAA72200
Datar, S., Jain, A., Wang, C. C. Y., y Zhang, S. (2020). Is accounting useful for forecasting GDP growth? A machine learning perspective. SSRN. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3827510
De Lorenzo, I., Lima, D., y Maia, D. (2025). Prudential policy treatments to the COVID-19 economic crisis: An assessment of the effects. Macroeconomic Dynamics, 29, e129. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1365100525100370
Easton, P. D. (1999). Security returns and the value relevance of accounting data. Accounting Horizons, 13(4), 399-412. https://doi.org/10.2308/acch.1999.13.4.399
Escalante, T. M., Flores, L., Pilco, M. H., y Moya, M. F. (2025). Evolución del comercio electrónico en Ecuador: Un recorrido documental desde 2019 hasta 2025. Revista de Ciencias Sociales (Ve), XXXI(3), 334-348. https://doi.org/10.31876/rcs.v31i3.44287
Fama, E. F. (1965). The Behavior of Stock-Market Prices. The Journal of Business, 38(1), 34-105. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2350752
Fama, E. F. (1970). Efficient capital markets: A review of theory and empirical work. The Journal of Finance, 25(2), 383-417. https://doi.org/10.2307/2325486
Fama, E. F. (1976). Efficient capital markets: Reply. The Journal of Finance, 31(1), 143-145. https://doi.org/10.2307/2326404
Feyisa, B., Karafo, A., y Aweke, H. (2025). The economic impact of Covid-19 on privately owned businesses: A case study of Jinka Town. Cogent Economics & Finance, 13(1), 2488395. https://doi.org/10.1080/23322039.2025.2488395
Gaertner, F. B., Kausar, A., y Steele, L. B. (2020). Negative accounting earnings and gross domestic product. Review of Accounting Studies, 25, 1382-1409. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11142-020-09536-x
Giacomini, R. (2015). Economic theory and forecasting: lessons from the literature. The Econometrics Journal, 8(2), C22-C41. http://www.jstor.org/stable/43697692
Giner, B. (2001). La utilidad de la información contable desde la perspectiva del mercado: ¿Evolución o revolución de la investigación? Revista de Contabilidad, 4(7), 21-52. https://revistas.um.es/rcsar/article/view/385801
Guirao-Goris, J. A., Olmedo, Á., y Ferrer, E. (2008). El artículo de revisión. Revista Iberoamericana de Enfermería Comunitaria, 1(1), 1-25. https://www.uv.es/joguigo/valencia/Recerca_files/el_articulo_de_revision.pdf
Harymawan, I., y Rahayu, N. K. (2022). A review of COVID-19-related research in accounting. Cogent Business & Management, 9(1), 2116798. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2022.2116798
Heiniger, S., Koeniger, W., y Lechner, M. (2025). The heterogeneous response of real estate prices during the Covid-19 pandemic. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A: Statistics in Society, 188(3), 819-842. https://doi.org/10.1093/jrsssa/qnae078
Hermalin, B. E., y Weisbach, M. S. (2012). Information disclosure and corporate governance. Journal of Finance, 67(1), 195-233. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.2011.01710.x
Hernández, R., Fernández, C., y Baptista, M. D. P. (2014). Metodología de la investigación. McGraw-Hill/ Interamericana Editores S.A. de C.V.
Jensen, M. C., y Meckling, W. H. (1976). Theory of the firm: managerial behavior, agency costs and ownership structure. Journal of Financial Economics, 3(4), 305-360. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-405X(76)90026-X
Jones, J. J. (1991). Investigations, earnings management during import relief. Journal of Accounting Research, 29(2), 193-228. https://doi.org/10.2307/2491047
Kocaarslan, B., y Soytas, U. (2023). The role of major markets in predicting the U.S. municipal green bond market performance: New evidence from machine learning models. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 196, 122820. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2023.122820
Krippendorff, K. (2019). Content analysis: An introduction to its methodology. SAGE Publications, Inc. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781071878781
Lincoln, Y. S., y Guba, E. (1985). Naturalistic Inquiry. Sage Publications.
López, A., Murillo, F. D. L., y Pérez, J. M. (2025). Covid-19 y vulnerabilidad social: Análisis de la situación de las personas refugiadas en la Unión Europea. Revista de Ciencias Sociales (Ve), XXXI(3), 162-176. https://doi.org/10.31876/rcs.v31i3.44275
Marruecos, M. E. (2020). Notas de actualidad. Incidencia del Covid-19 en el derecho humano fundamental a la libertad ambulatoria. Revista de Ciencias Sociales (Ve), XXVI(2), 13-15. https://doi.org/10.31876/rcs.v26i2.32418
McEwen, R. A., y Welsh, M. J. (2001). The effect of bias on decision usefulness: A review of behavioral financial accounting research. In J. E. Hunton (Ed.), Advances in Accounting Behavioral Research (Vol. 4). Emerald Group Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-7979(01)04066-2
Ohlson, J. A. (1995). Earning, book values and dividends in equity valuation. Contemporary Accounting Research, 11(2), 661-687. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1911-3846.1995.tb00461.x
Packer, M. (2018). La ciencia de la investigación cualitativa. Ediciones Uniandes.
Rico, J. D., Galviz, D. F., Jiménez, A., y Aristizábal, L. Y. (2022). Sistema de indicadores de eficiencia financiera para las pymes del sector textil de Medellín-Colombia. Revista de Ciencias Sociales (Ve), XXVIII(E-6), 441-460. https://doi.org/10.31876/rcs.v28i.38857
Rogošić, A. (2021). Public sector cost accounting and information usefulness in decision-making. Public Sector Economics, 45(2), 209-227. https://www.pse-journal.hr/en/archive/public-sector-cost-accounting-and-information-usefulness-in-decision-making_7170/
Ross, S. A. (1973). The economic theory of agency: the principal´s problem. American Economic Review, 63(2), 134-139. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1817064
Sattar, M., y Jalal, R. (2024). Impact of Covid-19 on firm performance: A systematic literature review using PRISMA framework. Journal of Risk Analysis and Crisis Response, 14(4), 518-545. https://doi.org/10.54560/jracr.v14i4.561
Shakespeare, C. (2020). Reporting matters: the real effects of financial reporting on investing and financing decisions. Accounting and Business Research, 50(5). 425-442. https://doi.org/10.1080/00014788.2020.1770928
Stark, A. W. (2004). Estimating economic performance from accounting data- a review and synthesis. The British Accounting Review, 36(4), 321-343. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bar.2004.06.005
Staubus, G. J. (2000). The decision usefulness theory of accounting: A limited history. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203055533
Tobón, L. N., Urquía, E., y Cano, E. I. (2023). Impacto de la información financiera en la consecución del desarrollo empresarial en Colombia. Revista de Ciencias Sociales (Ve), XXIX(2), 297-314. https://doi.org/10.31876/rcs.v29i2.3997
Toborek-Mazur, J., y Partacz, K. (2022). Evaluating synergy in mergers and acquisitions during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Theoretical Journal of Accounting, 46(1), 101-118. https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.7990
Watts, R. L., y Zimmerman, J. L. (1986). Positive accounting theory. Prentice Hall International.
Xie, X., Zhang, J., Zong, S., y Liu, L. L. (2024). Real and Accrual based Earnings Management During Covid 19 Pandemic. Pan-Pacific Journal of Business Research, 15(2), 1-21. https://iacademicresearch.org/index.php/volume-15-no-2-fall-2024/real-and-accrual-based-earnings-management-during-covid-19-pandemic
Yoshinaga, Y., y Nakano, M. (2021). Aggregate earnings informativeness and economic shocks: International evidence. Asia-Pacific Journal of Accounting & Economics, 30(1), 196-211. https://doi.org/10.1080/16081625.2021.1952084
Publicado
2026-02-20
Cómo citar
Hernández-Fernández, L., Velandia Pacheco, G. J., & Escobar Castillo, A. (2026). Información contable como estimador del efecto económico del COVID-19 en las empresas: Análisis sistemático de la literatura. Revista De Ciencias Sociales, 32(1), 155-177. https://doi.org/10.31876/rcs.v32i1.45196
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