Apoyo del residente de Córdoba-España al turismo en un contexto de pandemia: Explorando factores sociodemográficos
Palabras clave:
Comunidad de acogida, apoyo de los residentes, turismo sostenible, COVID-19, perfiles sociodemográficos
Resumen
El éxito o fracaso del desarrollo turístico de un determinado destino, está relacionado con el apoyo de los residentes a su sostenibilidad. El objetivo del estudio es determinar la percepción del residente de la ciudad de Córdoba (España) sobre el apoyo al turismo en un contexto de pandemia, así como examinar qué factores sociodemográficos son determinantes en dicho apoyo. Se diseñó una investigación cuantitativa, de tipo descriptivo, con diseño de campo, no experimental y transversal. Se utilizó un cuestionario para la recogida de datos, distribuido mediante patrón aleatorio de día/hora/lugar en la población objetivo (residentes mayores de 18 años), recopilándose una muestra de 434 encuestas. Mediante la metodología estadística de tablas de contingencia afloraron las variables determinantes del apoyo al turismo por parte del residente. Los resultados evidencian que los hombres, con edad intermedia (40-54 años), no residentes en el centro de la ciudad, empresarios, con ingresos del hogar superiores a los 5.000 euros mensuales y con dependencia económica personal del turismo, son los que más apoyan la atracción de turistas en pandemia. Los resultados pueden ser muy útiles para los planificadores turísticos a la hora de definir estrategias que fomenten el desarrollo del turismo en la ciudad.
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Hadinejad, A., Moyle, B. D., Scott, N., Kralj, A., y Nunkoo, R. (2019). Residents’ attitudes to tourism: A review. Tourism Review, 74(2), 150-165. https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-01-2018-0003
Hao, H., Long, P., y Kleckley, J. (2011). Factors predicting homeowners’ attitudes toward tourism: A case of a coastal resort community. Journal of Travel Research, 50(6), 627-640. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287510385463
Haralambopoulos, N., y Pizam, A. (1996). Perceived impacts of tourism: The case of samos. Annals of Tourism Research, 23(3), 503-526. https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(95)00075-5
Harrill, R. (2004). Residents’ attitudes toward tourism development: A literature review with implications for tourism planning. Journal of Planning Literature, 18(3), 251-266. https://doi.org/10.1177/0885412203260306
Hateftabar, F., y Chapuis, J. M. (2020). How resident perception of economic crisis influences their perception of tourism. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 43, 157-168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2020.02.009
Hernández-Fernández, L. (2021). Editorial. 2020, un año de dificultades y retos tras el COVID-19. Revista de Ciencias Sociales (Ve), XXVII(1), 8-10. https://doi.org/10.31876/rcs.v27i1.35324
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Inbakaran, R., y Jackson, M. (2006). Resident attitudes inside Victoria’s tourism product regions: A cluster analysis. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 13(1), 59-74. https://doi.org/10.1375/jhtm.13.1.59
Instituto Nacional de Estadística - INE (2021). Datos por temas. INE. https://www.ine.es
Jackson, M. S., e Inbakaran, R. J. (2006). Evaluating residents’ attitudes and intentions to act towards tourism development in regional Victoria, Australia. International Journal of Tourism Research, 8(5), 355-366. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.584
Janusz, K., Six, S., y Vanneste, D. (2017). Building tourism-resilient communities by incorporating residents’ perceptions? A photo-elicitation study of tourism development in Bruges. Journal of Tourism Futures, 3(2), 127-143. https://doi.org/10.1108/JTF-04-2017-0011
Joo, D., Xu, W., Lee, J., Lee, C.-K., y Woosnam, K. M. (2021). Residents’ perceived risk, emotional solidarity, and support for tourism amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Destination Marketing and Management, 19, 100553. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2021.100553
Jurowski, C., y Gursoy, D. (2004). Distance effects on residents’ attitudes toward tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 31(2), 296-312. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2003.12.005
Kamata, H. (2021). Tourist destination residents’ attitudes towards tourism during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Current Issues in Tourism. 25(1), 134-149. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2021.1881452
Lee, T. H., y Jan, F.-H. (2019). Market segmentation based on the environmentally responsible behaviors of community-based tourists: Evidence from Taiwan’s community-based destinations. International Journal of Tourism Research, 21(3), 400-411. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.2272
Liu, J. C., y Var, T. (1986). Resident attitudes toward tourism impacts in Hawaii. Annals of Tourism Research, 13(2), 193-214. https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(86)90037-X
Loor, L., Plaza, N., y Medina, Z. (2021). Turismo comunitario en Ecuador: Apuntes en tiempos de pandemia. Revista de Ciencias Sociales (Ve), XXVII(1), 265-277. https://doi.org/10.31876/rcs.v27i1.35312
Luna-Nemecio, J. (2020). Determinaciones socioambientales del COVID-19 y vulnerabilidad económica, espacial y sanitario-institucional. Revista de Ciencias Sociales (Ve), XXVI(2), 21-26. https://doi.org/10.31876/rcs.v26i2.32419
Mason, P., y Cheyne, J. (2000). Residents’ attitudes to proposed tourism development. Annals of Tourism Research, 27(2), 391-411. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(99)00084-5
McGehee, N. G., y Andereck, K. L. (2004). Factors predicting rural residents’ support of tourism. Journal of Travel Research, 43(2), 131-140. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287504268234
Ministerio de Sanidad Español (2021). Información científica-técnica: Enfermedad por coronavirus, COVID-19. Ministerio de Sanidad Español. https://www.sanidad.gob.es/profesionales/saludPublica/ccayes/alertasActual/nCov/documentos/ITCoronavirus.pdf
Muler, V., Coromina, L., y Galí, N. (2018). Overtourism: residents’ perceptions of tourism impact as an indicator of resident social carrying capacity - case study of a Spanish heritage town. Tourism Review, 73(3), 277-296. https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-08-2017-0138
Nunkoo, R., y Gursoy, D. (2012). Residents’ support for tourism. An Identity Perspective. Annals of Tourism Research, 39(1), 243-268. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2011.05.006
Pavlić, I., Portolan, A., y Puh, B. (2020). Segmenting local residents by perceptions of tourism impacts in an urban World Heritage Site: The case of Dubrovnik. Journal of Heritage Tourism, 15(4), 398-409. https://doi.org/10.1080/1743873X.2019.1656218
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Publicado
2023-10-03
Cómo citar
Núñez-Tabales, J. M., Rey-Carmona, F. J., Durán-Román, J. L., & Pulido-Fernández, J. I. (2023). Apoyo del residente de Córdoba-España al turismo en un contexto de pandemia: Explorando factores sociodemográficos. Revista De Ciencias Sociales, 29, 421-436. https://doi.org/10.31876/rcs.v29i.40963
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