Desempeño y ventaja competitiva: aspectos relacionados con la Pequeña y Mediana Empresa en México

• Afonso Vagarecha Cabiço Muibo Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, México. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0330-0215
• Arturo Martínez de Escobar Fernández Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, México. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5249-5824
• María del Carmen Sandoval Caraveo Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, México. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5482-3032

DOI: https://doi.org/10.46925//rdluz.38.23

Palabras clave: Desempeño, ventaja competitiva, competitividad, recursos estratégicos, PyMEs

Resumen

Las teorías dominantes en la gestión estratégica consideran que la ventaja competitiva es el desempeño de la empresa, mientras que la oposición afirma que es la capacidad de las empresas para lograr un desempeño superior. Esta última afirma que la ventaja competitiva podría determinar el desempeño de la empresa, pero que muchos otros factores pueden modificar la relación. El propósito de este estudio fue analizar la importancia de la ventaja competitiva y el desempeño empresarial en el contexto de las pequeñas y medianas empresas en México. Se llevó a cabo desde un enfoque cualitativo, con un alcance descriptivo a través de una profunda revisión bibliográfica. En el caso mexicano, la ventaja competitiva de las pequeñas y medianas empresas se ha visto afectada negativamente por la falta de acceso a financiamiento, fallas administrativas, rezago tecnológico y falta de mano de obra calificada, lo que afecta negativamente su desempeño. Por lo tanto, los resultados de la investigación han demostrado que el capital humano, la innovación, la tecnología de procesos, la planificación estratégica, la productividad, el aseguramiento de la calidad, la gestión de la cadena de suministro y la adaptabilidad juegan un papel crucial en la competitividad y el éxito del sector empresarial estudiado.

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