Universidades árabes: problemas, COVID-19 y esfuerzos
Palabras clave:
universidades árabes, COVID-19, educación superior, educación a distancia
Resumen
Es necesario conocer el estado de las universidades árabes. En este documento, el objetivo general fue determinar la situación de las universidades árabes: problemas, COVID-19 y esfuerzos. Metodología, en esta investigación se han seleccionado 36 documentos, realizados en el periodo 2016 - 2021; incluyendo: artículos científicos, artículos de revisión e información de sitios web de organizaciones reconocidas. Las palabras clave utilizadas en las búsquedas fueron: universidades árabes y COVID-19. Resultados. Las universidades árabes se han enfrentado a muchos problemas durante la pandemia, pero han luchado para superarlo y ofrecer una educación virtual a sus estudiantes. Conclusiones. La Covid-19 obligó al cierre de las universidades árabes, afectando la educación de los estudiantes, quienes tienen problemas para acceder a internet. Las universidades árabes que utilizaban la educación tradicional están migrando gradualmente a la educación virtual. La Universidad Rey Abdulaziz de Arabia Saudita ocupa el primer lugar en el Ranking de Universidades Árabes 2021.
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Abu, H. (2017). Undergraduate Arab International Students' Adjustment to U.S. Universities. International Journal of Higher Education, v6 n1 p131-139. doi:10.5430/ijhe.v6n1p131
Abdulrahman Essa Al Lily, Abdelrahim Fathy Ismail, Fathi Mohammed Abunasser, Rafdan Hassan Alhajhoj Alqahtani (2020). Distance education as a response to pandemics: Coronavirus and Arab culture, Technology in Society. Volume 63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2020.101317.
Al-Fanar Media (2021). Coronavirus. Retrieved from https://www.al- fanarmedia.org/tag/coronavirus-arab-world/
Al-Hunaiyyan, A., Al-Hajri, R., Alzayed, A. & Alraqqas, B. (2016). Towards an Effective Distance Learning Model: Implementation Framework for Arab Universities. International Journal of Computer
Application. Volume 6– No.5. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Rana- Alhajri/publication/346473639_Towards_an_Effective_Distance_Learning_Model_Implemen tation_Framework_for_Arab_Universities/links/5fc4084ca6fdcc6cc683bb55/Towards-an- Effective-Distance-Learning-Model-Implementation-Framework-for-Arab-Universities.pdf
Aljaber, A. (2018). E-learning policy in Saudi Arabia: Challenges and successes. Research in Comparative and International Education, 13(1), 176–194. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745499918764147
Almansour, S. & Kempner, K. (2017). The challenges of delivering public good in Arab universities: faculty perspectives. Educ Res Policy Prac 16, 219–234. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10671-017-9213-3
Almurayh, A. (2021). The Challenges of Using Arabic Chatbot in Saudi Universities. IAENG International Journal of Computer Science, 48:1. Retrieved from http://www.iaeng.org/IJCS/issues_v48/issue_1/IJCS_48_1_21.pdf
Alqurshi, A. (2020). Investigating the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on pharmaceutical education in Saudi Arabia – A call for a remote teaching contingency strategy. Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal, Volume 28, Issue 9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsps.2020.07.008.
Alshaikh, K.; Maasher, S.; Bayazed, A.; Saleem, F.; Badri, S.; Fakieh, B. (2021). Impact of COVID-19 on the Educational Process in Saudi Arabia: A Technology–Organization– Environment Framework. Sustainability 2021, 13, 7103. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13137103
Alsmadi, M. K., Al-Marashdeh, I., Alzaqebah, M., Jaradat, G., Alghamdi, F. A., Mustafa A Mohammad, R., Alshabanah, M., Alrajhi, D., Alkhaldi, H., Aldhafferi, N., Alqahtani, A., Badawi, U. A., & Tayfour, M. (2021). Digitalization of learning in Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 outbreak: A survey. Informatics in medicine unlocked, 25, 100632. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.imu.2021.100632
Alvi, A. H., Bilal, S.M., & Alvi, A.A. (2021). Technology, Pedagogy & Assessment: Challenges of COVID19-Imposed E-Teaching of ESP to Saudi Female PY Students. Arab World English Journal (AWEJ) Special Issue on Covid 19 Challenges (1) 334- 353. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.24093/awej/covid.25
Badawi, S., Reyad, S., Khamis, R., Hamdan, A. & Alsartawi, A. (2019). Business education and entrepreneurial skills: Evidence from Arab universities, Journal of Education for Business, 94:5, 314-323, DOI: 10.1080/08832323.2018.1534799
Barrero, A. & Rosero, A. (2018). Estado del Arte sobre Concepciones de la Diversidad en el Contexto Escolar Infantil. Revista Latinoamericana de Educación Inclusiva, 2018, 12(1), 39- 55 https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-73782018000100004
Bizri, N. A., Alam, W., Mobayed, T., Tamim, H., Makki, M. & Mushrrafieh, U. (2021). COVID-19 in conflict region: the arab levant response. BMC Public HealthVolume 21, Issue 1. DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11580-4
Chaiban, T. (2021). COVID-19, an opportunity to bridge the digital gap and reform education systems in the region, Retrieved from https://www.unicef.org/mena/stories/covid-19- opportunity-bridge-digital-gap-and-reform-education-systems-region
DePaul University (2021). Academics. Retrieved from https://www.depaul.edu/academics/undergraduate/majors/Pages/arabic-studies.aspx
Devarajan, S. (2016). The paradox of higher education in MENA. Retrieved from https://www.brookings.edu/blog/future-development/2016/06/27/the-paradox-of-higher- education-in-mena/
Elsayed, A. M., & Saleh, E. I. (2018). Research data management and sharing among researchers in Arab universities: An exploratory study. IFLA Journal, 44(4), 281–299. https://doi.org/10.1177/0340035218785196
Jabeen, F., Faisal, M.N. & Katsioloudes, M. (2017). Entrepreneurial mindset and the role of universities as strategic drivers of entrepreneurship: Evidence from the United Arab Emirates. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, Vol. 24 No. 1, pp. 136-157. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSBED-07-2016-0117
Johns Hopkins Medicine (2021). What Is Coronavirus? Retrieved from https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/coronavirus
Pauceanu, A., Alpenidze, O., Edu, T., & Zaharia, R. (2018). What Determinants Influence Students to Start Their Own Business? Empirical Evidence from United Arab Emirates Universities. Sustainability, 11(1), 92. doi:10.3390/su11010092
Rahmawati & Febriani, S. (2021). Investigating the Problems of Learning Arabic for Islamic Universities in the Era of Covid-19 Pandemic. International Journal of Language Education Volume 5, Number 4, pp. 324-336. Doi: https://doi.org/10.26858/ijole.v5i4.19732
Saddik, B., Hussein, A., Albanna, A. et al. (2021). The psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on adults and children in the United Arab Emirates: a nationwide cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry 21, 224. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-021-03213-2
Sheerah, H. & Goodwyn, A. (2016). Blended Learning in Saudi Universities: Challenges and Aspirations. International Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Studies Volume 3, Issue 10, October 2016, PP 6-13. Retrieved from http://ijrhss.org/papers/v3- i10/2.pdf
Singh, H., Bailey, F., Eppard, J. & McKeown, K. (2021). Partners in learning: ‘An exploration of multi-cultural faculty and Emirati students' perspectives of university learning experiences’. Learning, Culture and Social InteractionVolume 31. DOI: 10.1016/j.lcsi.2021.100564
Stockholm University (2021). Arabic. Retrieved from https://www.su.se/english/education/all-subjects/arabic- 1.426257?expEduItemPacks=&expEduItems=&open-collapse-boxes=
Sweileh, W.M. (2021). Contribution of researchers in the Arab region to peer-reviewed literature on mental health and well-being of university students. Int J Ment Health Syst 15, 50. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13033-021-00477-9
The Association of Arab Universities (2021). About AArU. Retrieved from http://www.aaru.edu.jo/en/english/NewHome.aspx
Times Higher Education (2021). Best universities in the Arab World. Retrieved from https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/best-universities/best-universities-arab- world
University of Oxford (2021). Admissions. Retrieved from https://www.ox.ac.uk/admissions/undergraduate/courses/oriental-studies/arabic
UN (2020). Education – United Nations Sustainable Development. Retrieved from https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/education/
UNESCO (2020). Alternative Solutions to School Closure in Arab Countries. To Ensuring THAT LEARNING NEVER STOPS. COVID-19 EDUCATION RESPONSE. Retrieved from https://en.unesco.org/sites/default/files/alternative_solutions_to_school_closure_in_arab_countries_-_final.pdf
Waterbury, J. (2018). Governance of Arab Universities: Why Does It Matter?. In: Badran A., Baydoun E., Hillman J. (eds) Universities in Arab Countries: An Urgent Need for Change. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73111-7_2
World Bank (2021). Middle East and North Africa: Tertiary Education. Retrieved from https://thedocs.worldbank.org/en/doc/401131613571399876- 0090022021/original/MENATEandCovidupdated.pdf
Zakarneh, B. (2018). Effectiveness of E-learning Mode for Teaching English Language in Arab Universities. International Journal of Applied Linguistics & English Literature. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.7n.7p.171
Zawk (2021). Al-Fanar Media Updates The Arab World’s First Database of Internationally Accredited Universities. Retrieved from https://www.al-fanarmedia.org/2021/08/a- database-for-finding-internationally-accredited-universities-in-the-arab-world/
Abdulrahman Essa Al Lily, Abdelrahim Fathy Ismail, Fathi Mohammed Abunasser, Rafdan Hassan Alhajhoj Alqahtani (2020). Distance education as a response to pandemics: Coronavirus and Arab culture, Technology in Society. Volume 63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2020.101317.
Al-Fanar Media (2021). Coronavirus. Retrieved from https://www.al- fanarmedia.org/tag/coronavirus-arab-world/
Al-Hunaiyyan, A., Al-Hajri, R., Alzayed, A. & Alraqqas, B. (2016). Towards an Effective Distance Learning Model: Implementation Framework for Arab Universities. International Journal of Computer
Application. Volume 6– No.5. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Rana- Alhajri/publication/346473639_Towards_an_Effective_Distance_Learning_Model_Implemen tation_Framework_for_Arab_Universities/links/5fc4084ca6fdcc6cc683bb55/Towards-an- Effective-Distance-Learning-Model-Implementation-Framework-for-Arab-Universities.pdf
Aljaber, A. (2018). E-learning policy in Saudi Arabia: Challenges and successes. Research in Comparative and International Education, 13(1), 176–194. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745499918764147
Almansour, S. & Kempner, K. (2017). The challenges of delivering public good in Arab universities: faculty perspectives. Educ Res Policy Prac 16, 219–234. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10671-017-9213-3
Almurayh, A. (2021). The Challenges of Using Arabic Chatbot in Saudi Universities. IAENG International Journal of Computer Science, 48:1. Retrieved from http://www.iaeng.org/IJCS/issues_v48/issue_1/IJCS_48_1_21.pdf
Alqurshi, A. (2020). Investigating the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on pharmaceutical education in Saudi Arabia – A call for a remote teaching contingency strategy. Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal, Volume 28, Issue 9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsps.2020.07.008.
Alshaikh, K.; Maasher, S.; Bayazed, A.; Saleem, F.; Badri, S.; Fakieh, B. (2021). Impact of COVID-19 on the Educational Process in Saudi Arabia: A Technology–Organization– Environment Framework. Sustainability 2021, 13, 7103. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13137103
Alsmadi, M. K., Al-Marashdeh, I., Alzaqebah, M., Jaradat, G., Alghamdi, F. A., Mustafa A Mohammad, R., Alshabanah, M., Alrajhi, D., Alkhaldi, H., Aldhafferi, N., Alqahtani, A., Badawi, U. A., & Tayfour, M. (2021). Digitalization of learning in Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 outbreak: A survey. Informatics in medicine unlocked, 25, 100632. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.imu.2021.100632
Alvi, A. H., Bilal, S.M., & Alvi, A.A. (2021). Technology, Pedagogy & Assessment: Challenges of COVID19-Imposed E-Teaching of ESP to Saudi Female PY Students. Arab World English Journal (AWEJ) Special Issue on Covid 19 Challenges (1) 334- 353. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.24093/awej/covid.25
Badawi, S., Reyad, S., Khamis, R., Hamdan, A. & Alsartawi, A. (2019). Business education and entrepreneurial skills: Evidence from Arab universities, Journal of Education for Business, 94:5, 314-323, DOI: 10.1080/08832323.2018.1534799
Barrero, A. & Rosero, A. (2018). Estado del Arte sobre Concepciones de la Diversidad en el Contexto Escolar Infantil. Revista Latinoamericana de Educación Inclusiva, 2018, 12(1), 39- 55 https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-73782018000100004
Bizri, N. A., Alam, W., Mobayed, T., Tamim, H., Makki, M. & Mushrrafieh, U. (2021). COVID-19 in conflict region: the arab levant response. BMC Public HealthVolume 21, Issue 1. DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11580-4
Chaiban, T. (2021). COVID-19, an opportunity to bridge the digital gap and reform education systems in the region, Retrieved from https://www.unicef.org/mena/stories/covid-19- opportunity-bridge-digital-gap-and-reform-education-systems-region
DePaul University (2021). Academics. Retrieved from https://www.depaul.edu/academics/undergraduate/majors/Pages/arabic-studies.aspx
Devarajan, S. (2016). The paradox of higher education in MENA. Retrieved from https://www.brookings.edu/blog/future-development/2016/06/27/the-paradox-of-higher- education-in-mena/
Elsayed, A. M., & Saleh, E. I. (2018). Research data management and sharing among researchers in Arab universities: An exploratory study. IFLA Journal, 44(4), 281–299. https://doi.org/10.1177/0340035218785196
Jabeen, F., Faisal, M.N. & Katsioloudes, M. (2017). Entrepreneurial mindset and the role of universities as strategic drivers of entrepreneurship: Evidence from the United Arab Emirates. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, Vol. 24 No. 1, pp. 136-157. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSBED-07-2016-0117
Johns Hopkins Medicine (2021). What Is Coronavirus? Retrieved from https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/coronavirus
Pauceanu, A., Alpenidze, O., Edu, T., & Zaharia, R. (2018). What Determinants Influence Students to Start Their Own Business? Empirical Evidence from United Arab Emirates Universities. Sustainability, 11(1), 92. doi:10.3390/su11010092
Rahmawati & Febriani, S. (2021). Investigating the Problems of Learning Arabic for Islamic Universities in the Era of Covid-19 Pandemic. International Journal of Language Education Volume 5, Number 4, pp. 324-336. Doi: https://doi.org/10.26858/ijole.v5i4.19732
Saddik, B., Hussein, A., Albanna, A. et al. (2021). The psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on adults and children in the United Arab Emirates: a nationwide cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry 21, 224. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-021-03213-2
Sheerah, H. & Goodwyn, A. (2016). Blended Learning in Saudi Universities: Challenges and Aspirations. International Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Studies Volume 3, Issue 10, October 2016, PP 6-13. Retrieved from http://ijrhss.org/papers/v3- i10/2.pdf
Singh, H., Bailey, F., Eppard, J. & McKeown, K. (2021). Partners in learning: ‘An exploration of multi-cultural faculty and Emirati students' perspectives of university learning experiences’. Learning, Culture and Social InteractionVolume 31. DOI: 10.1016/j.lcsi.2021.100564
Stockholm University (2021). Arabic. Retrieved from https://www.su.se/english/education/all-subjects/arabic- 1.426257?expEduItemPacks=&expEduItems=&open-collapse-boxes=
Sweileh, W.M. (2021). Contribution of researchers in the Arab region to peer-reviewed literature on mental health and well-being of university students. Int J Ment Health Syst 15, 50. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13033-021-00477-9
The Association of Arab Universities (2021). About AArU. Retrieved from http://www.aaru.edu.jo/en/english/NewHome.aspx
Times Higher Education (2021). Best universities in the Arab World. Retrieved from https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/best-universities/best-universities-arab- world
University of Oxford (2021). Admissions. Retrieved from https://www.ox.ac.uk/admissions/undergraduate/courses/oriental-studies/arabic
UN (2020). Education – United Nations Sustainable Development. Retrieved from https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/education/
UNESCO (2020). Alternative Solutions to School Closure in Arab Countries. To Ensuring THAT LEARNING NEVER STOPS. COVID-19 EDUCATION RESPONSE. Retrieved from https://en.unesco.org/sites/default/files/alternative_solutions_to_school_closure_in_arab_countries_-_final.pdf
Waterbury, J. (2018). Governance of Arab Universities: Why Does It Matter?. In: Badran A., Baydoun E., Hillman J. (eds) Universities in Arab Countries: An Urgent Need for Change. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73111-7_2
World Bank (2021). Middle East and North Africa: Tertiary Education. Retrieved from https://thedocs.worldbank.org/en/doc/401131613571399876- 0090022021/original/MENATEandCovidupdated.pdf
Zakarneh, B. (2018). Effectiveness of E-learning Mode for Teaching English Language in Arab Universities. International Journal of Applied Linguistics & English Literature. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.7n.7p.171
Zawk (2021). Al-Fanar Media Updates The Arab World’s First Database of Internationally Accredited Universities. Retrieved from https://www.al-fanarmedia.org/2021/08/a- database-for-finding-internationally-accredited-universities-in-the-arab-world/
Publicado
2022-05-06
Cómo citar
Rios-Campos, C., Rios-Campos, P. del R., Camacho Delgado, F., Maxe Malca, M. R., & Saavedra Sandoval, R. E. (2022). Universidades árabes: problemas, COVID-19 y esfuerzos. Revista De La Universidad Del Zulia, 13(37), 198-209. https://doi.org/10.46925//rdluz.37.13
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