La práctica del trabajo social en la lucha contra la alcoholización de la población indígena de Kamchatka: El concepto de "gen del Norte"
Palabras clave:
Alcoholismo, Pueblos indígenas de Kamchatka, Pequeños pueblos indígenas del Norte, Gen del Norte
Resumen
El artículo está dedicado al problema del alcoholismo de la población indígena de Kamchatka, así como a los conceptos y teorías que explican el problema del fuerte aumento de la dependencia del alcohol de los pueblos del Norte en los años 70-80. El concepto (idea) del llamado "gen del norte" ha sido una de las explicaciones lógicas durante mucho tiempo, sin embargo, hoy en día se critica activamente. Incluso antes de que se formara la idea del gen nórdico, había habido una lucha activa contra la alcoholización de la población de Siberia y el Lejano Oriente. Estas prácticas no son menos importantes para entender la situación actual y encontrar soluciones a este problema humanitario.
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Citas
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• Antropov, M. S. (1931). Among the Lamuts. Moscow; Leningrad: Uchpedgiz, pp. 35.
• “At an angle of 40 degrees” (1999, November 16). Aboriginal Kamchatka, p. 2.
• Belkovets, A., Kurilovich, S., Avkenstyuk, A., & Agarwal, D. P. (2001). “Alcohol drinking habits and genetic polymorphism of alcohol metabolism genes in West Siberia”. International Journal of Human Genetics, 1, 165–171.
• Bergman, S. (2000). Po dikoi Kamchatke [Wild Kamchatka]. Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskii: Kamchatskiy pechatnyy dvor, pp. 165.
• Borinskaya, S., Kalina, N., Marusin, A., Faskhutdinova, G., Morozova, I., Kutuev, I., Koshechkin, V., Khusnutdinova, E., Stepanov, V., Puzyrev, V. P., Yankovsky, N. K., & Rogaev, E. I. (2009a). “Distribution of the alcohol dehydrogenase ADH1B∗47His Allele in Eurasia”. American Journal of Human Genetics, 84 (1), 89–92.
• Borinskaya, S. A., Kozlov, A. I., & Yankovskii, N. K. (2009b). “Geny i traditsii pitaniya” [“Genes and nutritional traditions”]. Etnograficheskoe obozrenie, 3, 117-135.
• Conversation with V.F. Fedorov (2010, September 18). Settlement Razdolny, Elizovsky district.
• Funk, D. A., & Zaitseva, O. V. (Eds.) (2021). The 14th Congress of anthropologists and ethnologists of Russia: Source book, Tomsk, Russia, July 6-9, 2021. Tomsk: Publishing House of Tomsk State University, pp. 830.
• Gapanovich, I. I. (1926). Kamchatka: Priroda, naselenie, khozyaistvo [Kamchatka: Nature, population, economy]. Vladivostok: Knizhnoye delo, pp. 40.
• Kershengolts, B. M., Chernobrovkina, T. V., & Kolosova, O. N. (2012). “Etnogeneticheskie osobennosti ustoichivosti organizma k alkogolyu v populyatsiyakh narodov Severa” [“Ethnogenetic features of the body's resistance to alcohol in populations of the peoples of the North”]. Vestnik Severo-Vostochnogo Federalnogo Universiteta im. M.K. Ammosova [Bulletin of the North-Eastern Federal University named after M.K. Ammosova], 9 (1), 22-28.
• Kofman, A. (2014, October 27). To nentsu smert. Korennye narody Krainego Severa mogut vymeret ot alkogolizma i lapshi bystrogo prigotovleniya [That is death to the Nenets. Indigenous peoples of the Far North may die out from alcoholism and instant noodles]. Strictly confidential. Available: https://www.sovsekretno.ru/articles/to-nentsu-smert/ (accessed August 2, 2021).
• Kozlov, A. I., Kozlova, M. A., Vershubskaya, G. G., & Shilov, A. B. (2013). Health of the indigenous population of the North of the Russian Federation: On the verge of centuries and cultures: Monograph, 2nd ed. Perm: Perm State Humanitarian Pedagogical University, pp. 205.
• Marussin, A. V., Stepanov, V. A., Spiridonova, M. G., & Puzyrev, V. P. (2004). “Polymorphisms of alcohol dehydrogenase genes ADH1Band ADH7 in Russian populations of Siberia”. Molecular Biology, 38 (4), 524–529.
• Municipal archive of the Essovsky rural settlement (n.d.). Fotomaterialy Foundation.
• Newsru.Com (2014, December 10). Scholars called the cause of mass alcoholism among the indigenous Northern peoples "garbage food". Available: https://www.newsru.com/russia/10dec2014/alko.html (accessed August 2, 2021).
• Pasenyuk, L. (2002). Popytka zhit pochti kak Hemingway [Trying to live almost like Hemingway]. Krasnodar: Sovetskaya Kuban, pp. 366.
• Passport of the Bystrinsky region 1970-1990 (n.d.). Municipal archive of the Essov rural settlement.
• Russian State Historical Archive of the Far East (RGIA DV) (n.d.a). RGIA DV f. R-2422 op. 1 d. 570 l. 79.
• Russian State Historical Archive of the Far East (RSHA DV) (n.d.b). RGIA DV f. R-2422 op. 1 d. 1020 l. 49.
• Solopekin, N. V. (2011). "An estimate of polymorphism of ADH1B, ALDH2, and CYP2E1 alcohol biotransformation genes in Siberian indigenous and immigrant populations". Moscow University Biological Sciences Bulletin, 66 (2), 71–72.
• State archives of the Kamchatka Territory (GAKK) [SAKT] (n.d.a). F.R-486. Op. 1. D.42. L. 35.
• State archives of the Kamchatka Territory (GAKK) [SAKT] (n.d.b). F.R-717. Op. 1. D.127. L. 9.
• State archives of the Kamchatka Territory (GAKK) [SAKT] (n.d.c). F.R-717. Op. 1. D.127. L. 45-47.
• Vasiliev, V. I. (Compl.) (1989). Ethnocultural development of the peoples of the North in the conditions of scientific and technological progress for the future until 2005 (The main concept). Moscow: Institute of Ethnography, pp. 131.
Publicado
2022-05-16
Cómo citar
Igorevna Kirillova , A. (2022). La práctica del trabajo social en la lucha contra la alcoholización de la población indígena de Kamchatka: El concepto de "gen del Norte". Interacción Y Perspectiva, 12(1), 52-62. Recuperado a partir de https://www.produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/interaccion/article/view/38127
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