Fat content and blood lipid profile in guinea pigs feeded with omega-3 fatty acids from fish oil and sacha inchi seeds (plukenetia volubilis)
Abstract
The objective of study was to determine the fat content and blood lipid profile in guinea pigs fed with omega-3 fatty acids from fish oil and sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis) seed. Forty-eight male guinea pigs, with an average initial weight of 300 grams, were randomly assigned to four treatments with three replicates (ponds) with four guinea pigs each. The treatments were: 1) Control diet, 2) Diet with 1.0 % fish oil, 3) Diet with 4.0 % sacha inchi seed and 4) Diet with 1.0 % fish oil + 4.0 % sacha inchi seed. Guinea pigs receiving the control diet had a triglyceride concentration of 97 mg/dL, the diet with 1 % fish oil had 85.5 mg/dL (P > 0.05); while the diet with 4 % sacha inchi seed showed a numerical increased to 93.5 mg/dL of triglyceride (P> 0.05), the diet with sacha inchi seed + fish oil showed a decreasing trend to 76.5 mg/dL (P > 0.05). In Total Cholesterol the guinea pigs that received the Control diet showed a concentration of 63 mg/dL, the diet only fish oil had a concentration of 57.5 mg/dL and the diet with 4 % sacha inchi seed had a concentration of 66 mg/dL (P > 0.05); however, with the combination of sacha inchi seed + fish oil the Total Cholesterol concentration was maintained at 59 mg/dL. No effect of the diet on high-density lipoproteins concentration was found, because the values obtained were between 18 and 20 mg/dL. The physiological role of the combination of sacha inchi seed with fish oil in numerically reducing triglyceride and Total Cholesterol with respect to Control diet is highlighted. It is concluded that the combination of sacha inchi seed with fish oil showed a trend towards lower triglyceride levels in the blood of guinea pigs and fish oil showed lower Total Cholesterol and low-density lipoproteins. The diet with sacha inchi seed showed lower amounts of total fat, saturated fatty acid and monounsaturated fatty acid in the guinea pig carcass with respect to the other treatments, although these differences were not statistically significant.
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