Análisis histopatológico y PCR en tiempo real de alteraciones en el cerebro de rata en el síndrome de aplastamiento inducido por Glicerol
Resumen
Este estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar los efectos neuroprotectores de la vitamina C y el tadalafilo en un modelo experimental de síndrome de aplastamiento inducido por inyección intramuscular de glicerol en ratas, utilizando histopatología y reacción en cadena de la polimerasa en tiempo real. Se utilizaron cincuenta ratas albinas Wistar hembras en el estudio. Los animales fueron divididos en 7 grupos: control (n: 6), vitamina C (n: 6), tadalafilo (n: 6), glicerol (n: 8), glicerol + vitamina C (n: 8), glicerol + tadalafilo (n: 8), y glicerol + vitamina C + tadalafilo (n: 8). Después del estudio experimental de 6 días, los animales fueron anestesiados y sacrificados, y se realizaron necropsias. Para los análisis histopatológicos y de reacción en cadena de la polimerasa en tiempo real y la puntuación, los tejidos cerebrales se fijaron en una solución al 1% de formaldehído. Se tomaron secciones de 5 µm de grosor de los tejidos que fueron sometidos a procedimientos rutinarios de seguimiento de tejidos, y se realizó una tinción con hematoxilina–eosina. El examen microscópico reveló que la administración de glicerol causó necrosis neuronal, neuronofagia, gliosis, edema, congestión, daño a las células endoteliales e infiltración de células mononucleares. Los niveles de expresión de Péptido Natriurético Cerebral, Proteína de Choque Térmico 70 y Factor Inducible por Hipoxia–1 alfa se midieron en un análisis de reacción en cadena de la polimerasa en tiempo real. La administración de glicerol causó aumentos en los niveles de Péptido Natriurético Cerebral y Proteína de Choque Térmico 70 en el cerebro, mientras que no causó cambios significativos en los niveles de Factor Inducible por Hipoxia–1 alfa. Se detectaron disminuciones en los niveles de expresión de Péptido Natriurético Cerebral y Proteína de Choque Térmico 70 en los grupos glicerol+ Vit C, glicerol + tadalafilo y glicerol + Vit C + tadalafilo. Según los resultados de la investigación, se piensa que la aplicación combinada de Vit C, tadalafilo y Vit C + tadalafilo puede proporcionar protección contra el estrés oxidativo e inflamatorio contra el daño cerebral que puede ocurrir después del síndrome de aplastamiento inducida por glicerol.
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