Evaluación de la tasa de crecimiento en potros de raza Pura Sangre Árabe y Barbo
Resumen
El objetivo principal de este estudio fue evaluar la influencia del sexo, la raza, el mes de nacimiento y el año de nacimiento sobre el peso al nacer y el rendimiento de crecimiento posnatal de potros criados en condiciones estandarizadas en el Haras Nacional Chaouchaoua de Tiaret, Argelia. En total se incluyeron 97 potros (69 Árabes y 28 Barbos) en el estudio. Solo se consideraron los potros nacidos vivos que sobrevivieron más allá de los seis meses de edad. Todos los animales fueron criados bajo las mismas condiciones de alojamiento, alimentación y manejo durante el estudio. Los datos se recopilaron retrospectivamente a partir de los registros oficiales de nacimientos del Haras Nacional correspondientes a los años 2017 a 2021. Se analizaron las siguientes variables : peso al nacer (kg), peso corporal en la primera y segunda pesada, ganancia media diaria entre el nacimiento y peso corporal en la primera pesada, y entre peso corporal entre la primera y segunda pesada. También se registraron las fechas de destete y de pesada. En promedio, las dos pesadas se realizaron con un intervalo de aproximadamente seis meses, lo que permitió estimar las tasas de crecimiento en fases distintas. El análisis de los datos según la raza de los potros reveló una diferencia altamente significativa (P < 0,005) en el peso al nacer entre los dos grupos. Los potros Árabes presentaron un peso medio al nacer significativamente mayor (50,76 ± 5,08 kg) en comparación con los potros Barbos (46,82 ± 5,66 kg). Este estudio aporta información valiosa sobre los patrones de crecimiento posnatal de potros nacidos en el Haras Nacional Chaouchaoua. Nuestros hallazgos confirman que la raza influye significativamente en el peso al nacer y en la tasa de crecimiento, con los potros Barbos superando a los potros Árabes en las ganancias medias diarias.
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