La nicotinamida ribósido, un precursor y suplemento de NAD, reduce el daño hepático causado por la sepsis

• Zeliha Yetim University of Health Sciences, Hamidiye International School of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology. Istanbul, Türkiye https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8300-4557

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52973/rcfcv-e362849

Palabras clave: Lesión hepática, Estrés oxidativo, Ribósido de nicotinamida, Histopatología hepática, Sepsis

Resumen

La sepsis conduce a insuficiencia hepática y finalmente, a la muerte. El suplemento ribósido de nicotinamida es un antioxidante y precursor del dinucleótido de nicotinamida y adenina. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar el efecto el efecto terapéutico del ribósido de nicotinamida sobre la lesión hepática en un modelo de sepsis en ratas inducida por ligadura y perforación cecal. Se dividieron 21 ratas en 3 grupos: control, sepsis y sepsis + ribósido de nicotinamida. Se realizó ligadura y perforación cecal en los grupos sepsis y sepsis + ribósido de nicotinamida. Al grupo sepsis + ribósido de nicotinamida se le administró ribósido de nicotinamida por vía oral (200 mg·kg^-1) 1 hora (h) antes y 12 h después de la ligadura y perforación cecal. Veinticuatro horas después de la ligadura y perforación cecal, se sacrificaron las ratas. Se analizaron parámetros histopatológicos y bioquímicos. El tratamiento con ribósido de nicotinamida resultó en una disminución de los niveles elevados de aspartato aminotransferasa, alanina aminotransferasa, creatina y ceruloplasmina. Los niveles séricos de albúmina, calcio y amilasa disminuyeron en el grupo con sepsis y aumentaron en el grupo con sepsis y control (P<0,05). Sin embargo, no se observaron diferencias significativas en los niveles de ácido úrico, sodio, magnesio y cloruro entre los grupos. La estructura hepática dañada por la sepsis mejoró histológicamente. Los niveles de superóxido dismutasa fueron bajos en el grupo con sepsis, pero aumentaron significativamente en el grupo con sepsis y control (P<0,05). Los niveles de malondialdehído fueron altos en el grupo con sepsis, pero aumentaron en el grupo con sepsis y control (P<0,05). El ribósido de nicotinamida mitigó el daño tisular hepático en ratas sépticas. Corrigió el desequilibrio oxidante-antioxidante y algunos parámetros séricos. Esto podría ser evidencia del efecto beneficioso del ribósido de nicotinamida en el hígado. No obstante, se deben realizar nuevas investigaciones para comprender mejor el mecanismo.

Citas

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