Investigación del efecto del complejo de silicato de arginina inositol en el nivel de oseointegración de implantes de titanio
Resumen
El complejo de silicato de arginina inositol es un material que aumenta la densidad mineral ósea y la cantidad de colágeno en el tejido vascular. El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar el efecto del complejo silicato de arginina inositol, administrado por vía oral mediante sonda, en el nivel de osteointegración de implantes de titanio en las tibias de ratas. Los animales experimentales se dividieron en cuatro grupos: un grupo de control, que no tenía implantes ni tratamiento adicional; un grupo de control con implantes, que tenía implantes colocados solo en el hueso de la tibia pero no tratamiento adicional; un grupo administrado con silicato de arginina inositol, que no tenía implantes pero se le administró silicato de arginina inositol; y un grupo con implantes de silicato de arginina inositol, que tenía implantes colocados y silicato de arginina inositol administrado. En muestras de suero obtenidas de las ratas, asociado con el tejido óseo; se analizaron la fosfatasa alcalina, la osteocalcina, el calcio, el fósforo, asociado con la función hepática; la alanina aminotransferasa, la aspartato aminotransferasa y utilizando métodos bioquímicos. Se realizaron evaluaciones densitométricas en los huesos maxilar y fémur. Los tornillos de titanio se retiraron junto con el tejido óseo circundante para la evaluación histológica. Para el análisis de datos se utilizaron pruebas no paramétricas: la prueba U de Mann–Whitney (entre dos grupos), la prueba de Kruskal–Wallis y la prueba de Dunn (entre cuatro grupos). La conexión hueso– implante y los niveles de relleno de la rosca no mostraron una diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre los grupos (P>0,05). Los niveles de calcio, fosfatasa alcalina, osteocalcina, alanina aminotransferasa, aspartato aminotransferasa, de densidad mineral ósea del fémur, y fósforo tampoco mostraron una diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre los grupos (P>0,05). Las diferencias en los niveles de densidad mineral ósea mandibular fueron estadísticamente significativas entre los grupos (P<0,05). Por lo tanto, se puede concluir que el complejo silicato de arginina inositol puede aumentar la densidad mineral ósea de la mandíbula y la integración hueso–implante.
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