Perfiles de resistencia a fluoroquinolonas en cocos Gram positivos de importancia clínica

• Maribel Josefina Castellano-González 1Universidad del Zulia. Facultad de Medicina. Escuela de Bioanálisis. Departamento de Microbiología. Cátedra de Bacteriología General. Maracaibo-Zulia http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1992-8349
• José Daniel Ocando-Chávez Universidad del Zulia. Facultad de Medicina. Escuela de Bioanálisis. Departamento de Microbiología. Maracaibo-Zulia
• Anyimar Carolina Serrano Azuaje Universidad del Zulia. Facultad de Medicina. Escuela de Bioanálisis. Departamento de Microbiología. Maracaibo-Zulia
• Isabelle Virginia Sandoval-Castellano Universidad del Zulia. Facultad de Medicina. Escuela de Medicina. Maracaibo-Zulia. Venezuela

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4717718

Palabras clave: Fluoroquinolonas, cocos Gram positivos, resistencia a antibióticos, Staphylococcus, Enterococcus, Streptococcus.

Resumen

Para evaluar la resistencia a fluoroquinolonas en aislamientos clínicos de cocos grampositivos se revisaron los resultados de los cultivos procesados en el Centro de Referencia Bacteriológica del Servicio Autónomo Hospital Universitario de Maracaibo, durante el periodo enero 2011-diciembre 2015. Los datos fueron analizados mediante el software WHONET^TM, (versión 5,6) y el IBM^® SPSS^® Statistics para Windows, (versión 25). Se encontró una prevalencia de 29,70% para los cocos grampositivos (9.292 cepas), correspondiendo el 76,18% de los aislamientos al género Staphylococcus (7.072); 15,30% a Enterococcus (1.422) y 8,59% a Streptococcus (798). Para Staphylococcus, la resistencia fue mayor en cepas resistentes a meticilina. Las tasas de resistencia más elevadas se detectaron en los enterococos, especialmente en Enterococcus faecium resistente a vancomicina. No se detectó resistencia a fluoroquinolonas en las cepas de Enterococcus faecalis resistentes a vancomicina. Los estreptococos, incluyendo Streptococcus pneumoniae, se mostraron, mayormente, sensibles a las fluoroquinolonas. La mayoría de las cepas de estafilococos y enterococos; presentó, resistencia cruzada a todas las fluoroquinolonas probadas. La distribución de la resistencia a las fluoroquinolonas por año de estudio en cada género bacteriano fue diferente. La resistencia a las fluoroquinolonas muestra una tendencia creciente en los tres géneros de cocos grampositivos evaluados

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