COVID-19 en los trabajadores de salud del Instituto Autónomo Hospital Universitario de Los Andes en Mérida, Venezuela
COVID-19 among health care workers at the “Instituto Autónomo Hospital Universitario de Los Andes” in Merida, Venezuela.
Resumen
En diciembre de 2019 comenzó en China la enfermedad por coronavirus COVID-19. Desde entonces se han reportado millones de infecciones y decesos por esta causa a nivel mundial, particularmente entre los trabajadores de salud quienes han sufrido el duro embate de la pandemia en el contexto de sistemas sanitarios colapsados por la demanda. En este sentido el objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar la prevalencia, características sociodemográficas, epidemiológicas y clínicas de la COVID-19 presentes en el personal del Instituto Autónomo Hospital Universitario de Los Andes en Mérida-Venezuela. Se realizó un estudio observacional, retrospectivo, unicéntrico y documental, donde se analizaron 297 fichas clínico-epidemiológicas correspondientes a 285 empleados, en un periodo comprendido entre el 16 de marzo y el 30 de noviembre de 2020. Los registros se separaron en dos grupos, trabajadores de primera línea y trabajadores de apoyo. La positividad general de las RT-PCR realizadas fue del 31,6%. La frecuencia de los resultados confirmatorios positivos fue mayor entre los trabajadores de apoyo con un 33,9%. El personal de enfermería fue el que presentó mayor positividad (39,5%). Se halló una seroprevalencia del 34,3% en las pruebas inmunológicas. La prevalencia de la infección por SARS-CoV-2 entre el personal se presentó con mayor frecuencia en quienes laboran en actividades de apoyo, en comparación con aquellos de primera línea. Por tanto, deben fortalecerse las estrategias de prevención generales y laborales específicas, y así limitar la diseminación del SARS-CoV-2 entre el personal, para que este se desempeñe de manera segura y efectiva.
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