Ictericia de origen colestásico intrahepatico

Jaundice of intrahepatic cholestatic origin

Palabras clave: ictericia, colestasis, tratamiento, fosfatasa alcalina, gamma glutamil transferasa

Resumen

La ictericia es un signo clínico que en todo grupo etario, indica la presencia de una patología, bien en la esfera hepatobiliar o no. Se observa cuando los niveles de bilirrubina sérica aumentan, en forma conjugada o no conjugada. La historia clínica permite una evaluación bastante exacta de la ictericia e incluye la realización de pruebas de laboratorio en las que se soliciten bilirrubina total y fraccionada, hematología, alanino transaminasa - ALT, aspartato transaminasa - AST, fosfatasa alcalina, γ-glutamiltransferasa, tiempo de protrombina y / o proporción normalizada internacional (INR), proteograma sérico (1-3). Los estudios por imágenes pueden permitir identificar patologías en el parénquima hepático y/o en las vías biliares. La hiperbilirrubinemia no conjugada o indirecta hacen sospechar en procesos hemolíticos, en el síndrome de Gilbert y la hiperbilirrubinemia conjugada o directa, en daño hepatocelular, como hepatitis viral, daño por Desorden en el Uso de Alcohol, trastornos colestásicos, como coledocolitiasis y neoplasias en el confluente biliopancreatico. En cuanto a la Colestasis es un trastorno hepatobiliar agudo o crónico, en el que la sintesis, secreción o flujo de bilis se encuentran alteradas. La colestasis puede afectar hasta un 10-20% de la población general. (1) Cuando la etiologia es benigna, lo cual representa el mayor porcentaje de los casos, no se asocia a una alta morbi-mortalidad, cuando es prolongada y severa, puede progresar a fibrosis hepatica, cirrosis, carcinoma hepatocelular o colangiocarcinoma y la muerte puede ocurrir.

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Biografía del autor/a

Gisela Romero Sanquiz, Universidad del Zulia

Profesora Titular de la Facultad de Medicina. Universidad del Zulia. Maracaibo, Venezuela.

Citas

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Publicado
2021-11-13
Cómo citar
Romero Sanquiz, G. (2021). Ictericia de origen colestásico intrahepatico: Jaundice of intrahepatic cholestatic origin. Revista Profesional HígadoSano, (22), 11-27. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5680129
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