Considerations on the reform of Ukraine’s wartime criminal justice system

Consideraciones sobre la reforma del sistema de justicia penal de Ucrania en tiempos de guerra

• Valentyna Drozd Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7687-7138
• Maksym Tsutskiridze Deputy Chief of the National Police of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5880-8542
• Vladyslav Burlaka National police of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1824-4380
• Maksym Romanov Donetsk State University of Internal Affairs, Kropyvnytskyi, Ukraine. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2443-7744
• Mykola Pohoretskyi Scientific Institute of Public Law, Kyiv, Ukraine. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2888-0911

DOI: https://doi.org/10.46398/cuestpol.4074.43

Palabras clave: justicia penal, integración europea, sanción penal, ley marcial, justicia en condiciones de guerra

Resumen

El propósito del artículo fue considerar las principales tendencias de desarrollo en ciertos elementos del sistema de justicia penal, que se integraron debido al ataque a gran escala de Rusia contra los territorios soberanos de Ucrania. El tema del artículo es la institución de la reforma del sistema de justicia penal de Ucrania. Se examinan las bases jurídicas que aseguran el funcionamiento de las instituciones de justicia penal (en particular, los órganos de instrucción) y se analiza el aparato conceptual y categorial correspondiente. Se realiza una revisión de elementos seleccionados del sistema de justicia penal durante la guerra. Se aclara la influencia y la importancia de la adquisición por parte de Ucrania del estatus de candidato a miembro de la UE en el funcionamiento de ciertos elementos del sistema de justicia penal. Finalmente, se caracterizan el contenido y la esencia de los principales requisitos de la UE a Ucrania, que pueden ser la base para llevar a cabo negociaciones sobre el tema de la adhesión definitiva de Ucrania a la organización. En las conclusiones, se describen las direcciones y métodos para reformar ciertos elementos del sistema de justicia penal en las condiciones de la invasión a gran escala.

Citas

BIBILO, Valentina. 2001. Judicial power in criminal proceedings: monograph. Publishing House “Law and Economics”. Minsk, Belarus.

BORCH, Frederic. 2001. Judge advocates in combat: Army lawyers in military operations from Vietnam to Haiti. Office of the Judge Advocate General and Center of Military History, US Army. Washington, D.C., USA.

CASE NO. 759/833/18. 2021. Resolution of the Criminal Court of Cassation of the Supreme Court of Ukraine. No. 96669438. Unified state register of court decisions. Kyiv, Ukraine. Available online. In: https://verdictum. ligazakon.net/document/96572338. Consultation date: 20/04/2022.

CASE NO. 640/5023/19. 2021. Resolution of the Criminal Court of Cassation of the Supreme Court of Ukraine. No. 51-2917kmo20. Unified state register of court decisions. Kyiv, Ukraine. Available online. In: http://iplex.com. ua/doc.php?regnum=97286253&red=100003161acef099a0dbfc0c8b 729fac56e1ee&d=5. Consultation date: 20/04/2022.

DEVI, Tanaya; ROLAND, Fryer. 2020. Policing the police: The impact of” pattern-or-practice” investigations on crime. Working paper No. w27324. National Bureau of Economic Research. Available online. In: https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w27324/w27324. pdf. Consultation date: 20/04/2022.

DMYTRIIEV, Anatoliy. 2016. “Principles and legal regulation of activities of the National Police of Ukraine in combating organized crime” In: Bulletin of the Criminological Association of Ukraine. Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 164-174.

DOCUMENT NO. V003V710-01. 2001. Opinion of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine in the case based on the constitutional submission of the President of Ukraine on the provision of an opinion on the conformity of the Constitution of Ukraine with the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (Rome Statute case). Official Web site of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, July, 11, 2001. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada. gov.ua/laws/show/v003v710-01#Text. Consultation date: 20/04/2022.

FEDCHENKO, Volodymyr. 2021. Detention in criminal proceedings: study guide. “Helvetika” Publishing House. Odesa, Ukraine.

HLOVIUK, Iryna; TETERIATNYK, Hanna; ROHALSKA, Viktoriia; ZAVTUR, Viktor. 2022. Special regime of pre-trial investigation, trial in conditions of war, state of emergency or in the area of anti-terrorist operation or measures to ensure national security and defense, repel and deter armed aggression of the Russian Federation and/or other states against Ukraine: a scientific and practical commentary on Section IX-1 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine. Electronic edition. Lviv-Odesa.

INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT. 1998. The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court. Available online. In: https://www.icc-cpi. int/sites/default/files/RS-Eng.pdf. Consultation date: 20/04/2022.

KHARYTONOV, Evhen; KHARYTONOVA, Olena; KOLODIN, Denis; TKALYCH, Maxym; LARKIN, Mikhail; TOLMACHEVSKA, Yuliia; ROJAS-BAHAMON, Magda Julissa; ARBELÁEZ-CAMPILLO, Diego Felipe; PANCHENKO, Olha Ivanivna. 2021. “Distance learning in the conditions of Covid-19: problems and prospects of their solution” In: Amazonia Investiga. Vol. 10, No. 48, pp. 157-169.

KOBZAR, Oleksandr; DARAHAN, Valerii. 2020. “Areas of improvement of training National police pre-trial investigators” In: Scientific Bulletin of Dnipropetrovsk State University of Internal Affairs. No. 1, pp. 158-163.

KRASNITSKY, Vladyslav. 2022. Investigating Russia’s war crimes: why does the ICC initiate the opening of an office in Ukraine? Ukrainian radio. Available online. In: http://www.nrcu.gov.ua/news.html?newsID=98868. Consultation date: 20/04/2022.

LAW OF UKRAINE NO. 2201-IX. 2022. On amendments to some legislative acts of Ukraine regarding the establishment of criminal liability for collaborative activity. Official Web site of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, March, 03, 2022. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/ show/2108-20#n12. Consultation date: 20/04/2022.

LAW OF UKRAINE NO. 2341-III. 2001. Criminal Code of Ukraine. Official Web site of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. Available online. In: https:// zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2341-14#Text. Consultation date: 20/04/2022.

LAW OF UKRAINE NO. 254K/96-VR. 1996. The Constitution of Ukraine. Official Web site of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/254%D0%BA/96-
%D0%B2%D1%80#Text. Consultation date: 20/04/2022.

LAW OF UKRAINE NO. 4651-VI. 2012. Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine. Official Web site of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/4651-17#Text. Consultation date: 20/04/2022.

LAZAREVA, Dariia. 2018. Detention by an authorized official in the criminal process of Ukraine: monograph. Dnipropetrovsk State University of Internal Affairs. Dnipro, Ukraine.

MOLCHANOV, Rostyslav. 2014. “Experience of assessing the effectiveness of operational and service activities of the police of foreign countries and its implementation in Ukraine” In: Scientific Bulletin of Dnipropetrovsk State University of Internal Affairs. No. 4, pp. 235-243.

ORDER OF THE PRESIDENT OF UKRAINE No. 584/2019. 2019. About the Commission on Legal Reform. Official Web site of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, August 07, 2019. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada. gov.ua/laws/show/421/2019#Text. Consultation date: 20/04/2022.

PRESS SERVICE OF THE APPARATUS OF THE VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 2021. Annual report of the Commissioner of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine on human rights for 2020. Official Web site of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. Available online. In: https://www.rada. gov.ua/news/Povidomlennya/206083.html. Consultation date: 20/04/2022.

SADOVA, Tetiana. 2019. “Rome statute norms implementation into the criminal legislation of Ukraine”. Bulletin of the Odesa I. I. Mechnikov National University. Science of Law. Vol. 24, No. 1, pp. 119-124.

SMOKOVICH, Mykhailo. 2022. “Execution of justice in martial law: to the question of legislative changes” In: Scientific Bulletin of the Uzhhorod National University: Law. No. 70, pp. 450 -455.

TETERIATNYK, Hanna. 2021. Criminal proceedings under emergency legal regimes: theoretical, methodological and praxeological foundations: monograph. Publishing house “Helvetika”. Odesa. Available online. In: https://jurkniga.ua/contents/kriminalne-provadzhennya-v-umovakh- nadzvichaynikh-pravovikh-rezhimiv-teoretiko-metodologichni-ta- prakseologichni-osnovi.pdf. Consultation date: 20/04/2022.

UDALOVA, Larysa. 2005. Theory and practice of obtaining verbal information in the criminal process of Ukraine: monograph. Palyvoda Publishing House. Kyiv, Ukraine.