Instituto de Estudios Políticos y Derecho Público "Dr. Humberto J. La Roche"
de la Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Políticas de la Universidad del Zulia
Maracaibo, Venezuela
Esta publicación cientíca en formato digital es continuidad de la revista impresa
ISSN-Versión Impresa 0798-1406 / ISSN-Versión on line 2542-3185Depósito legal pp
197402ZU34
ppi 201502ZU4645
Vol.41 N° 76
Enero
Marzo
2023
Recibido el 20/12/22 Aceptado el 28/01/23
ISSN 0798- 1406 ~ De pó si to le gal pp 198502ZU132
Cues tio nes Po lí ti cas
La re vis ta Cues tio nes Po lí ti cas, es una pu bli ca ción aus pi cia da por el Ins ti tu to
de Es tu dios Po lí ti cos y De re cho Pú bli co “Dr. Hum ber to J. La Ro che” (IEPDP) de la Fa-
cul tad de Cien cias Ju rí di cas y Po lí ti cas de la Uni ver si dad del Zu lia.
En tre sus ob je ti vos fi gu ran: con tri buir con el pro gre so cien tí fi co de las Cien cias
Hu ma nas y So cia les, a tra vés de la di vul ga ción de los re sul ta dos lo gra dos por sus in ves-
ti ga do res; es ti mu lar la in ves ti ga ción en es tas áreas del sa ber; y pro pi ciar la pre sen ta-
ción, dis cu sión y con fron ta ción de las ideas y avan ces cien tí fi cos con com pro mi so so cial.
Cues tio nes Po lí ti cas apa re ce dos ve ces al año y pu bli ca tra ba jos ori gi na les con
avan ces o re sul ta dos de in ves ti ga ción en las áreas de Cien cia Po lí ti ca y De re cho Pú bli-
co, los cua les son so me ti dos a la con si de ra ción de ár bi tros ca li fi ca dos.
ESTA PU BLI CA CIÓN APA RE CE RE SE ÑA DA, EN TRE OTROS ÍN DI CES, EN
:
Re vicyhLUZ, In ter na tio nal Po li ti cal Scien ce Abs tracts, Re vis ta In ter ame ri ca na de
Bi blio gra fía, en el Cen tro La ti no ame ri ca no para el De sa rrol lo (CLAD), en Bi blio-
gra fía So cio Eco nó mi ca de Ve ne zue la de RE DIN SE, In ter na tio nal Bi blio graphy of
Po li ti cal Scien ce, Re vencyt, His pa nic Ame ri can Pe rio di cals In dex/HAPI), Ul ri ch’s
Pe rio di cals Di rec tory, EBS CO. Se en cuen tra acre di ta da al Re gis tro de Pu bli ca cio-
nes Cien tí fi cas y Tec no ló gi cas Ve ne zo la nas del FO NA CIT, La tin dex.
Di rec to ra
L
OIRALITH
M. C
HIRINOS
P
ORTILLO
Co mi té Edi tor
Eduviges Morales Villalobos
Fabiola Tavares Duarte
Ma ría Eu ge nia Soto Hernández
Nila Leal González
Carmen Pérez Baralt
Co mi té Ase sor
Pedro Bracho Grand
J. M. Del ga do Ocan do
José Ce rra da
Ri car do Com bel las
An gel Lom bar di
Die ter Nohlen
Al fre do Ra mos Ji mé nez
Go ran Ther born
Frie drich Welsch
Asis ten tes Ad mi nis tra ti vos
Joan López Urdaneta y Nil da Ma rín
Re vis ta Cues tio nes Po lí ti cas. Av. Gua ji ra. Uni ver si dad del Zu lia. Nú cleo Hu ma nís ti co. Fa-
cul tad de Cien cias Ju rí di cas y Po lí ti cas. Ins ti tu to de Es tu dios Po lí ti cos y De re cho Pú bli co
“Dr. Hum ber to J. La Ro che”. Ma ra cai bo, Ve ne zue la. E- mail: cues tio nes po li ti cas@gmail.
com ~ loi chi ri nos por til lo@gmail.com. Te le fax: 58- 0261- 4127018.
Vol. 41, Nº 76 (2023), 592-610
IEPDP-Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Políticas - LUZ
Genesis of public administration of
sustainable development in the eld of
environmental security
DOI: https://doi.org/10.46398/cuestpol.4176.35
Olesia Holynska *
Tetiana Bieloshapka **
Halyna Kuspliak ***
Maria Kholod ****
Abstract
This article aims to theoretically complement scientic
knowledge on the genesis of public administration in the eld of
environmental security. The research methodology is based on a
procedure involving the formulation of a hypothesis, the search
for means to verify it and the application of the results obtained.
The results represent a scientic novelty: a substantiated
proposal on the application of the dual genesis of the public administration
of sustainable development in the eld of environmental safety, as well as a
presented list of the institutional norms and strategic documents governing
its current state. The conclusions of the paper summarize the fundamentals
and outline approaches to the systematization of the genesis of the public
administration system, in the eld of ecology as one of the spheres of
sustainable development. The discussed theoretical achievements and
retrospective can serve to develop and deepen the concept of sustainable
development and simultaneously develop a list of institutional norms
aimed at restoring the environmental security of Ukraine. Denitely,
the restoration is necessary due to the large-scale military aggression of
Russia and uncertainty about the types and scales of further environmental
destruction.
* PhD in Public Administration, Associate Professor of the Department of Local Self-Government and
Territorial Development, ESI of Public Service and Administration, Odessa National Polytechnic
University, 65009, Odesa, Ukraine. ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1720-5056
** PhD student of ESI of Public Service and Administration, Odessa National Polytechnic University,
65009, Odesa, Ukraine; Chief Specialist, State Agency of Fisheries of Ukraine, 04053, Kyiv, Ukraine.
ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2103-0730
*** PhD in Public Administration, Assistant Professor of the Department of Local Self-Government and
Territorial Development, ESI of Public Service and Administration, Odessa National Polytechnic
University, 65009, Odesa, Ukraine. ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1414-5484
**** PhD student of ESI of Public Service and Administration, Odesа Polytechnic National University,
65009, Odesa, Ukraine; Senior Lecturer of Social and Humanitarian Sciences Department, ESI of
Public Service and Administration, Odesа Polytechnic National University, 65009, Odesa, Ukraine.
ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7915-9935
593
CUESTIONES POLÍTICAS
Vol. 41 Nº 76 (2023): 592-610
Keywords: public administration; environmental safety; nature care;
natural environment protection policies; sustainable
development.
Génesis de la administración pública del desarrollo
sostenible en el campo de la seguridad ambiental
Resumen
Este artículo pretende complementar teóricamente el conocimiento
cientíco sobre la génesis de la administración pública en el ámbito de la
seguridad medioambiental. La metodología de la investigación se basa en un
procedimiento que implica el planteamiento de una hipótesis, la búsqueda
de medios para vericarla y la aplicación de los resultados obtenidos. Los
resultados representan una novedad cientíca: una propuesta fundamentada
sobre la aplicación de la génesis dual de la administración pública del
desarrollo sostenible en el ámbito de la seguridad medioambiental, así
como una lista presentada de las normas institucionales y los documentos
estratégicos que rigen su estado actual. Las conclusiones del trabajo resumen
los fundamentos y esbozan enfoques para la sistematización de la génesis del
sistema de administración pública, en el campo de la ecología como uno de
los ámbitos del desarrollo sostenible. Los logros teóricos y la retrospectiva
tratados pueden servir para desarrollar y profundizar en el concepto de
desarrollo sostenible y, simultáneamente, elaborar una lista de normas
institucionales encaminadas a restaurar la seguridad medioambiental de
Ucrania. Denitivamente, el restablecimiento es necesario debido a la
agresión militar a gran escala de Rusia y a la incertidumbre sobre los tipos
y escalas de una mayor destrucción medioambiental.
Palabras clave: administración pública; seguridad medioambiental;
cuidado de la naturaleza; políticas de protección del
entorno natural; desarrollo sostenible.
Introduction
• Relevance
The relevance of the issue under research is determined by the place and
role of ecology in the existing studies related to the sustainable development
concept. The experience of developed countries shows that it is dicult for
any state to implement an eective environmental policy. This statement
594
Olesia Holynska, Tetiana Bieloshapka, Halyna Kuspliak y Maria Kholod
Genesis of public administration of sustainable development in the eld of environmental security
is applicable even for a prosperous economy (Zelinska et al., 2021). This is
why the environmental legislation ratied by the international community
shall be improved not only at the legislative level, but also at the level
of regulation of relations in the eld of natural resource management,
environmental protection and environmental security.
The relevance of this study is also emphasized by the practical importance
of the system of public administration of nature management, compliance
with the requirements of environmental legislation, establishing control
over compliance with environmental security provisions, ensuring eective
and comprehensive measures for nature protection, rational use of natural
resources. In particular, some supervisory functions of the Ministry of
Environmental Protection and the Ministry of Agrarian Policy of Ukraine
are doubled (Samofatova et al., 2019). This issue also needs an urgent
solution.
Public administration of ecology as one of the important areas of
sustainable development is reduced to the legal regulation of the relevant
theoretical and practical issues. The subjects of such regulation are
government bodies, local self-government bodies, public associations.
Their activities are aimed at ensuring the eective use of natural resources,
protection of the natural environment, ensuring environmental security
by authorized persons (natural and legal entities) through the compliance
with the environmental legislation, preventing probable deterioration of
the ecological situation and protecting the rights of citizens to ecological
living conditions.
The aim of the article is supplementing and theoretical generalization of
scientic knowledge about the genesis of public administration in ecology as
one of the most important areas of sustainable development. The research
objectives provide for resolution of the issues regarding the identication
of the stages of development of the public administration system in the
environmental eld, as well as determination of the main institutional norms
that formed its genesis and created public administration relationships
aimed at the restoration of ecology and prudent nature management.
• Academic novelty
The authors of this article were the rst to propose a dual genesis of public
administration of sustainable development in the eld of environmental
security of Ukraine, and make a list of institutional norms and strategic
documents that determine its current state.
595
CUESTIONES POLÍTICAS
Vol. 41 Nº 76 (2023): 592-610
1. Literature review
In recent years, the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine and the Cabinet of
Ministers of Ukraine have quite regularly adopted laws and resolutions
on environmental protection, but they were almost not implemented for a
number of objective and, in some cases, quite subjective reasons (Shynkaruk
et al., 2020; Salnikova et al., 2019).
The review of the Constitution and laws of Ukraine made it possible to
identify a comprehensive list of obligations assigned to citizens, including
those in the environmental eld. Article 66 of the Constitution of Ukraine
obliges every citizen “not to harm nature, cultural heritage and to compensate
for any damage he or she inicted” (Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, 2020).
Article 12 of the Law of Ukraine “On Environmental Protection” determines
the obligations of citizens in the eld of environmental protection
(Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, 2022c).
Zelenkov (2018) and Semenchuk (2013) are one of the most famous
researchers in the eld of public administration, who singled out the
concept of public administration that was new at the time and focused on
it. They determined that public administration is aimed at the realization
of public interests and includes such components as governance (the
subject is public authorities) and public management (the subject is public
institutions) (Zelenkov, 2018; Semenchuk, 2013).
The well-known researchers who study another specialized concept
“state environmental policy”, “mechanism of public administration”,
its classication and main provisions include: Andriyenko and Shako
(2016), Malysh (2011), Miahchenko (2010), Sakhaev and Shevchuk (1995),
Kovbasyuk et al. (2010) and others. According to Andriyenko and Shako
(2016), the state environmental policy is a component of the government
policy, which reects the totality of its goals and objectives in the eld of
ecology formed by the political system of the state in accordance with its
social purpose and implemented through certain mechanisms.
According to Kovbasyuk et al. (2010), state environmental policy is a
policy of society aimed at protecting the natural environment, rational use
and reproduction of natural resources, preservation and development of
the environment to ensure normal life and environmental safety of people.
As Malysh (2011) believes, state environmental policy is a set of tools
and measures related to society’s impact on nature and aimed at ensuring
ecologically balanced development and civilized attitude. Environmental
policy is supposed to mean a coordinating fundamental principle that forms
and makes use if the resources of an enterprise (organization) in order to
achieve goals in the eld of rational nature management, environmental
protection, and environmental security through political, economic, legal,
596
Olesia Holynska, Tetiana Bieloshapka, Halyna Kuspliak y Maria Kholod
Genesis of public administration of sustainable development in the eld of environmental security
educational, and other measures (Malysh, 2011). Miahchenko (2010)
denes the state environmental policy as a system of measures related to
the prevention of adverse eects of society on nature.
Sakhaev and Shevchuk (1995) consider the state environmental policy
as the development of future priorities with the aim to improve the health
of the population and increase life expectancy, the reproduction of ora and
fauna, the preservation of the ecological, genetic and material background,
natural, historical heritage and culture. The study of Zhyharieva (2014) had
evidenced that there was an active search for eective mechanisms and
means of public administration in the eld of environmental security of
Ukraine.
Zhyharieva (2014) emphasizes the ecologisation of public administration,
she notes that the concept of ecologisation means decision-making and
the implementation of measures for achieving better results in any eld
or branches of society, while striving for preserving the quality of the
environment and ensure environmental security.
Modern researchers as Bukanov (2020) and Radchuk (2020) deal with
the mechanism of public administration. According to Bukanov (2020),
the mechanism of public administration in the eld of environmental
policy is a system of tools with the following functional objectives: legal
regulation in the eld of environmental protection; structural-functional
and organizational-management support for environmental control and
monitoring; promotion of sustainable development of the state, society and
territories.
Radchuk (2020) considers the concept of the mechanism of
public administration as a set of political, economic, organizational,
motivational and legal means of inuence of the subject of administration
(public authorities and local self-government bodies) on the objects of
administration.
According to the shared opinion of these authors, the meaning of each
of the mechanisms of public administration diers depending not so much
on subjective academic views, but on the direction of its application in the
system of public administration.
Vetvytskyi (2010), Lazor (2003) and others made a signicant
contribution to the study of aspects of public environmental policy and
environmental legislation. In his work Vetvytskyi (2010) studies the state
environmental policy as a set of means and measures used by the state to
protect and improve the environment, to provide the eective combination
of nature management and nature protection and ensure the normal life of
citizens, which has two dimensions — normative and regulatory.
597
CUESTIONES POLÍTICAS
Vol. 41 Nº 76 (2023): 592-610
Lazor (2003) provides the denition where the administration in the
eld of ecology and natural resources means the inuence of society on the
environment, in particular on its protection, rational use and reproduction,
and management as a process in the eld of ecology and natural resources
means the legitimacy of relevant institutions — state, self-governing and
public — to perform certain functions.
Dombrovska et al. (2017) studied public administration from the
perspective of social, economic, and ecological development. They
pointed out that it is appropriate to consider a set of methods and tools
of state inuence in the eld of environmental protection, rational nature
management, development of the “green” economy and improvement of
citizens’ well-being as the mechanism of public administration in the eld
of security of social, ecological and economic systems.
So, the literature review revealed a number of denitions of the concept
of “state environmental policy” provided by some researchers. Researchers
consider this denition quite dierently. Therefore, there is currently no
single approach to the interpretation of this term.
2. Research methodology
The research design consisted of several stages and began with a
hypothesis that describes a set of interrelationships between public
administration phenomena related to the issue under research.
Interrelationships of the denitions necessary for the academic denition
of the public administration phenomena described in the article were also
taken into account.
The ways of practical and scientic verication of the proposed
interrelationships were planned when advancing the hypotheses. The
research conducted on this basis was later used as the ground for interpreting
its results. As the article is mostly theoretical and monodisciplinary in
nature, the
hypothesis was supported by the study and systematization of
existing theories, concepts and publications in the relevant eld of public
administration. The hypothesis was not refuted at this stage, and the course
of implementation did not change during the work on the article.
The validity of the study was achieved based on the aim of the article.
The research objectives determined the need for a thorough sampling.
The conceptual statements and academic publications chosen for further
theoretical analysis enabled to fully represent the research results. The
publications were selected with a view to the verication of the entire list of
further conclusions on the issue under research.
598
Olesia Holynska, Tetiana Bieloshapka, Halyna Kuspliak y Maria Kholod
Genesis of public administration of sustainable development in the eld of environmental security
The research design and approach to the sample were used to substantiate
the historical foundations of public administration in one of the main areas
of sustainable development, namely, in the eld of environmental security
of Ukraine. The literature review was used to review theoretical concepts
and norms, and the method of data classication was used to identify the
elements of ecology and mechanisms of public administration in this area.
3. Research results
Public administration in the eld of environmental security of Ukraine
dates back to August 24, 1991, when Ukraine gained independence. The
declaration of independence of Ukraine was followed by the restoration of
the entire system of public administration of the country, the formation
of the legislative framework, the formation of new and the reformation of
already existing power institutions. The system of public administration and
the state machinery that existed at that time in Ukraine was based on the
model of Soviet dogmas and did not comply with sustainable development,
it required changes (Omarov, 2016).
In this regard, the authors are the rst who proposed the genesis of the
development of public administration in the eld of environmental security
of Ukraine, dened and considered its stages:
The rst stage is legislative (1991-2011). This period included the stage
of powerful law-making with the involvement of the leading Ukrainian
researchers, which resulted in adoption of the regulatory legal acts of
Ukraine, most of which are currently valid:
• Law of Ukraine “On the Environment” (1991) (Verkhovna Rada of
Ukraine, 2022c);
• Law of Ukraine “On the Nature Reserve Fund of Ukraine” (1992)
(Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, 2021b);
• Law of Ukraine “On Protection of Atmospheric Air” (1992)
(Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, 2022);
• Resolution of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine “On the Red Book of
Ukraine” (1992) (Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, 1992) (was replaced
by the Law of Ukraine “On the Red Book of Ukraine” (2002)
(Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, 2021c));
• Law of Ukraine “On Animal World” (1993) (Verkhovna Rada of
Ukraine, 1993) (was replaced by the Law of Ukraine “On the Animal
World” (2001) (Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, 2021a);
599
CUESTIONES POLÍTICAS
Vol. 41 Nº 76 (2023): 592-610
• Law of Ukraine “On Environmental Expertise” (1995) (Verkhovna
Rada of Ukraine, 1995) (was replaced by the Law of Ukraine “On
Environmental Impact Assessment” (2017) (Verkhovna Rada of
Ukraine, 2022b));
• Subsoil Code of Ukraine (1994) (Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine,
2022d);
• Forest Code (1994) (Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, 2022a);
• Water Code (1995) (Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, 2022e) and others.
• The Resolution of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine of 29 October 1992
approved the Regulation on the Red Book of Ukraine (Verkhovna
Rada of Ukraine, 1992) as the main document governing the
protection of animal and plant life. The Red Book of Ukraine is
an ocial state document that contains a list of rare, vulnerable
and endangered species of animal and plant life in the territory of
Ukraine, as well as general information about the current state of
these species and measures for their preservation. Species listed
in the Red Book of Ukraine are protected on the entire territory of
Ukraine, its continental shelf and exclusive marine economic zone.
It is regulated by the Law of Ukraine “On the Red Book of Ukraine”
No. 3055-III of 7 February 2002 (with subsequent amendments)
(Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, 2021c).
The rst edition of the Red Book of Ukraine was published in 1980
in one volume entitled The Red Book of the Ukrainian SSR by Naukova
Dumka publishing house. The rst Red Book of Ukraine included
85 species (subspecies) of animals: mammals (29), birds (28), reptiles (6),
amphibians (4), insects (18) and species of higher plants (151).
The second edition of the Red Book of Ukraine was approved by the
Resolution of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine of 29 October 1992. It had
two volumes, which were published with a two-year interval by Ukrainska
Entsyklopedia publishing house: in 1994 — the Animal World volume,
and - the Plant World volume in 1996. The second edition included 382
species of animals and 541 species of plants. Compared to the rst edition,
the number of animal species increased by 297, and the number of plant
species increased by 390.
The third edition of the Red Book of Ukraine was published in 2009.
It includes 826 species of plants: vascular plants (611), bryophytes (46),
algae (60), lichens (52), fungi (57). The number of animal species in the
third edition compared to the second edition increased by 160 species,
while 191 species were included in the Red Book, and 31 were excluded,
including 27 species of insects, 2 species of sh and 2 species of mammals.
600
Olesia Holynska, Tetiana Bieloshapka, Halyna Kuspliak y Maria Kholod
Genesis of public administration of sustainable development in the eld of environmental security
On March 3, 2021, the Ministry of Environmental Protection and Natural
Resources of Ukraine published an approved Order with an updated list of
animal species listed in the Red Book of Ukraine (Order of the Ministry of
Environmental Protection of January 17, 2021, approved by the Ministry
of Justice on March 1, 2021, entered into force on March 12, 2021). The
fourth edition of the collection of the Red Book of Ukraine is currently
being prepared.
The Main Directions of State Policy in the Field of Environmental
Protection, Use of Natural Resources and Environmental Security were
approved during this period. According to the authors, this document
initiated the public administration in the eld of environmental security of
Ukraine. It was approved by Resolution of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine
No. 188/98-VR of 5 March 1998, which became invalid on January 1, 2020
(Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, 1998).
This document denes not only the goal and priority objectives of
environmental security, but also the mechanisms of their implementation,
directions of harmonization and integration of environmental security
of Ukraine. This document, which combines strategic goals with specic
objectives, is the basis for the development of state programmes in the eld
of environmental protection and environmental security (Bardina, 2013).
The goals of the strategy of public management in the eld of
environmental security in that period were: institutional reform of the
state system of environmental protection and use of natural resources,
implementation of mechanisms and tools of environmental policy,
implementation of priority national and state programmes with the aim
of creating conditions for sustainable balanced development of the state;
formation of the state system of environmental security regulation as an
indispensable component of Ukraine’s national security (Verkhovna Rada
of Ukraine, 1998; Borysyuk, 2013).
The second stage is administrative (2011-2019). The emphasis on
management decisions and on the organizational mechanism of public
administration in the eld of environmental security was made during this
period.
The following regulatory legal acts were approved at this stage of the
development of public administration in the eld of environmental security
of Ukraine:
Law of Ukraine “On Approval of the State Programme for the
Development of Water Management and Ecological Improvement of the
Dnipro River Basin Until 2021” (Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, 2012);
Decree of the President of Ukraine No. 111/2021 “On the Decision of the
National Security and Defence Council of Ukraine of 23 March 2021 “On
601
CUESTIONES POLÍTICAS
Vol. 41 Nº 76 (2023): 592-610
Challenges and Threats to the National Environmental Security of Ukraine
and Priority Measures to Neutralize Them” (President of Ukraine, 2021);
Decree of the President of Ukraine No. 722/2019 “On the Sustainable
Development Goals of Ukraine Until 2030” (President of Ukraine, 2019);
Law of Ukraine “On the Basic Principles (Strategy) of the State
Environmental Policy of Ukraine Until 2020” No. 2818-VI of 21 December
2010 (hereinafter referred to as the 2020 Strategy) was also in force at
that time, which became invalid on January 1, 2020 (Verkhovna Rada of
Ukraine, 2010a).
The goals of the strategy of public administration in the eld of
environmental security in that period were the following: increasing
the level of public environmental awareness, improving the ecological
situation and increasing the level of environmental security, achieving a
safe environment for human health, integrating environmental policy and
improving the system of integrated environmental management, halting
the loss of biological and landscape diversity and creating an ecological
network, ensuring ecologically balanced nature management, improving
regional environmental policy (Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, 2010a; Rylach,
2018).
The Plan of the National Environmental Policy in Ukraine for 2011-2015
and the Plan of the National Environmental Policy in Ukraine for 2016-
2019 were approved in accordance with the 2020 Strategy.
The third stage is the public values stage (2020-2030). This period is
characterized by the manifestation of public management in the eld of
environmental security. It is based on the combination of solving economic
and environmental problems in the process of reforming society, creating
motivation, requests and conditions for solving environmental problems at
the national, regional and local levels.
Law of Ukraine “On the Key Principles (Strategy) of the State
Environmental Policy of Ukraine for the Period till 2030” No. 2697-VIII of
February 28, 2019 (hereinafter referred to as Strategy-2030) (Verkhovna
Rada of Ukraine, 2019) is in force. The item “Ensuring Ecologically
Balanced Nature Management” of this document says that the Resolution
of the General Assembly of the United Nations Organization “Transforming
our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development” was adopted in
September 2015 (Bobkova et al., 2020a).
A national system of sustainable development goals was developed
in Ukraine. It should provide a background for further planning of
Ukraine’s development, overcoming imbalances in the economic, social
and environmental spheres; ensure such a state of the environment that
will contribute to the quality of life and well-being of current and future
602
Olesia Holynska, Tetiana Bieloshapka, Halyna Kuspliak y Maria Kholod
Genesis of public administration of sustainable development in the eld of environmental security
generations; create the necessary conditions for a social contract between
the government, business and civil society to improve the quality of life of
citizens and guarantee socio-economic and environmental stability; achieve
a high level of education and public health protection; implementation
of regional policy, which will be based on a harmonious combination of
national and regional interests; preservation of national cultural values and
traditions (Pushak et al., 2021; Bobkova et al., 2020b; Hulych, 2014).
The goals of the strategy of public administration in the eld of
environmental security in this period are: the formation of ecological
values in society and the principles of sustainable consumption and
production, ensuring the sustainable development of Ukraine’s natural
resource potential, ensuring the integration of environmental policy into
the decision-making process regarding the socio-economic development of
Ukraine, reducing environmental risks in order to minimize their impact
on ecosystems, socio-economic development and health of the population,
improvement and development of the state system of environmental
management (Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, 2019; Ivanchenkova et al.,
2021).
In accordance with the Strategy-2030, the National Action Plan for
Environmental Protection till 2025 is currently approved, Decree of the
Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine No. 443-r of 21 April 2021. About 250
national, national, international, sectoral and regional programmes
nanced from state budget have been developed and implemented in
Ukraine. Of them, 137 are directly related to the environmental security
(Zybareva et al., 2021; Khylko, 2017).
4. Discussion
Public administration in the eld of ecology is based on a combination of
forms and methods of direct and indirect management. The state exercises
direct administration by establishing ecologically justied prohibitions,
mutual obligations for waste disposal, requirements for material recycling.
Indirect administration is exercised with the help of economic levers:
customs duties, taxes, benets, subsidies, nancial action means, etc.
(Zhulavsky and Gordienko, 2016; Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, 2010b).
The administration in the eld of ecology is reduced to regulation
through the involvement of legal levers of social relations. The subjects
of such regulation are public authorities, local self-government bodies,
and partly public associations. Their activities are aimed at ensuring the
eective natural resource management, environmental protection, and
environmental security by authorized persons (individuals and legal
entities) through compliance with environmental legislation, prevention
603
CUESTIONES POLÍTICAS
Vol. 41 Nº 76 (2023): 592-610
of possible deterioration of the environmental situation, and protection
of citizens’ rights to environmentally safe living conditions (Holynska and
Bieloshapka, 2020).
According to Bukanov (2019), the goal of public administration in
the eld of environmental security is to achieve a satisfactory state of the
natural environment by implementing an ecological system approach in
all directions of the socio-economic development of Ukraine with the aim
of ensuring the constitutional right of every citizen of Ukraine to a safe
environment, preservation and reproduction of natural ecosystems, as well
as balanced nature management.
The main task of the Concept of Sustainable Development of Ukraine is
to ensure the integration of environmental policy into the strategy of socio-
economic reforms. The concept of sustainable ecologically safe development
was adopted by the world community at the United Nations Conference on
Environment and Development (Rio de Janeiro, 1992). Its main goal is to
ensure a balanced solution of social and environmental issues, preservation
of the natural environment and natural resource potential in the future.
The rst principle of the Rio Declaration on Environment and
Development states: “Human beings are at the centre of concerns for
sustainable development. They are entitled to a healthy and productive
life in harmony with nature.” The sustainable development is supposed to
meet the current needs without limiting the interests of future generations
(Rylach, 2016).
Work is being carried out in Ukraine to create a unied state system
for the use and reproduction of natural resources, aimed primarily at
the development of the system of keeping natural resources cadastres,
improving the regulatory and legal support for issuing permits and licenses
for nature use. The areas of the nature reserve fund continue to increase
despite the complications that arose during the creation of the nature
reserve fund facilities in connection with the land reform.
The legislative framework in the eld of environmental security and waste
management is also being improved. The main goal of the environmental
policy of Ukraine is to guarantee the environmental safety to Ukrainian
citizens (Shcherbak et al., 2020).
The authors hold that there is currently a signicant anthropogenic load
in the ecological eld in Ukraine. It was caused by military operations as a
result of the invasion of Russian troops from Russia and Belarus on a large
part of the territory of Ukraine.
In this context, public administration in the eld of environmental
security should include a number of priority measures: providing the
population with high-quality drinking water and food, introducing the
604
Olesia Holynska, Tetiana Bieloshapka, Halyna Kuspliak y Maria Kholod
Genesis of public administration of sustainable development in the eld of environmental security
latest energy-saving technologies; protection of forests, agricultural lands,
development of eective innovative business activity; use of alternative
energy sources, etc.
So, we are currently witnessing the actual beginning of the third stage
of the development of the public administration system in the eld of
environmental security. The authors advance a thesis that this stage may
have the main feature associated with the restoration of ecology. This feature
is decisive in the description of the promising issues of future institutional
norms and strategic documents aimed at the restoration.
The study presented a retrospective of the development of institutional
norms, their division into historical stages, a classic denition was provided.
However, the uncertainty of the timing and scale of further environmental
losses and destruction caused by Russia’s military aggression on the territory
of Ukraine hindered a complete description and characteristics of the public
administration relations that will be built during the latest historical stage
of the development of the concept of sustainable development.
Conclusions
The practical signicance of the author’s research is the summarized
foundations and outlined approaches to the systematization of the genesis
of the public administration system in in the eld of ecology as one of the
areas of sustainable development. The theoretical achievements and the
retrospective covered in the article can be used in the future to develop
and deepen the concept of sustainable development, as well as to make a
list of institutional norms aimed at restoring the environmental security
of Ukraine. The restoration is necessitated by Russia’s large-scale military
aggression and caused by the problem of uncertainty of the types and scales
of further environmental destruction.
The analysis of the features of the historical retrospective of public
administration in the eld of environmental security carried out in the article
gave grounds to determine that the corresponding genesis was formed
under the simultaneous inuence of two main factors. So, the genesis is
dual and demonstrates both the specics of government regulation and the
specics of the scope of application of security tools in the system of public
environmental management.
Focusing on this aspect, the authors revealed that the main purpose
of activity — the mission of using tools of public administration in the
eld of environmental security — is primarily the protection of society,
the state, and the natural environment. The issues of strengthening the
inuence of public administration are urged in the current conditions by
605
CUESTIONES POLÍTICAS
Vol. 41 Nº 76 (2023): 592-610
the aggravated problems of environmental security and protection of the
natural environment, which, along with other resource losses, have suered
signicant wartime destruction and require urgent restoration.
The need for the restoration requires strengthening of the inuence of
the principles of sustainability and balance of socio-economic development
in the post-war period, while determining the nature of the future third
stage in the genesis of public management in the eld of environmental
security. This thesis determines the prospects for further research on the
subject proposed in this article.
Bibliographic References
ANDRIYENKO, Mykola; SHAKO, Vyacheslav. 2016. “The essence of the state
environmental policy at the national and regional levels.” In: Derzhavne
Upravlinnya: Udoskonalennya ta Rozvytok. Vol. 9. Available online.
In http://www.dy.nayka.com.ua/?op=1&z=1051. Consultation date:
11/11/2022.
BARDINA, Olena. 2013. “International normative mechanism for decision of
climate change problems” In: The Scientic Papers of the Legislation
Institute of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. Vol. 5, pp. 131-137.
Available online. In: http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/Nzizvru_2013_5_28.
Consultation date: 11/11/2022.
BOBKOVA, Antonina; ANDRУEУEVA, Natalya; VERBIVSKA, Liudmyla;
KOZLOVTSEVA, Valentyna; VELYCHKO, Viktoriia. 2020a.
“Environmental responsibility in the development of green
entrepreneurship” In: Estudios de Economia Aplicada. Vol. 38, No. 4,
pp. 01-14.
BOBKOVA, Antonina; SYDOROV, Yaroslav; KARPUK, Anatolii; OLIINYK,
Yaroslav; SAMOFATOVA, Viktoriia. 2020b. “Economic and
mathematical modelling of ecological entrepreneurship as a direction of
state agrarian policy” In: International Journal of Management. Vol. 11,
No. 2, pp. 85-94.
BORYSYUK, S. 2013. “Directions on reduction negative consequences possible
global climate changes on the territory of Ukraine” In: Collection of
the Scientic Papers of the Centre for Military and Strategic Studies
of the National Defence University of Ukraine named after Ivan
Cherniakhovskyi. Vol. 1, pp. 17-20.
BUKANOV, Hryhoriy. 2019. “Strategic tools for the implementation of state
environmental policy in Ukraine” In: Public Administration: Theory and
Practice. Vol. 2, No. 22, pp. 111-128.
606
Olesia Holynska, Tetiana Bieloshapka, Halyna Kuspliak y Maria Kholod
Genesis of public administration of sustainable development in the eld of environmental security
BUKANOV, Hryhoriy. 2020. “Mechanisms of public administration in the eld
of formation and implementation of environmental policy” In: Public
Management and Administration in Ukraine. Vol. 20, pp. 26-31.
DOMBROVSKA, S; KOVREGIN, V; POMAZA-PONOMARENKO, A;
KOLYENOV, O. 2017. State management in the sphere of security
of social, ecological and economic systems: Monograph. National
University of Civil Defense. Kharkiv, Ukraine.
HOLYNSKA, Olesia; BIELOSHAPKA, Tetiana. 2020. “Actualization of public
management issues in the environmental sphere: Global and domestic
dimensions” In: Public Administration: Traditions, Innovations, Global
Trends. Vol. 2, No. 58, pp. 181-187.
HULYCH, O. I. 2014. “Adjusting of ecological safety of the region: European
experience” In: Socio-Economic Problems of the Modern Period of
Ukraine. Vol. 3, pp. 145-152.
IVANCHENKOVA, Larysa; TKACHUK, Halyna; SKLIAR, Larysa; HOLYNSKA,
Olesia; STASIUKOVA, Kateryna; TOMCHUK, Yuliia. 2021. “Improving
the internal nancial control of expenditures of the budgetary institutions
under the inuence of the crisis caused by Covid-19” In: Universal
Journal of Accounting and Finance Vol. 9, No. 5, pp. 1067-1084.
KHYLKO, Мykola. 2017. Ecological safety of Ukraine: Study guide. Kyiv.
Available online. In: http://www.philosophy.univ.kiev.ua/uploads/
editor/Files/Vykladachi/Hylko/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C
%D0%BA%D0%BE%20%D0%9C.%D0%86.%20%D0%95%D0%BA
%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD
%D0%B0%20%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0
%BA%D0%B0%20%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97
%D0%BD%D0%B8.%20%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%87.%20
%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81pdf. Consultation date: 11/11/2022.
KOVBASYUK, Yu; TROSHCHYNSKYI, V; SURMIN, Yu. (Eds.). 2010.
“Encyclopedic dictionary of public administration” In: National Academy
of Public Administration. Available online. In http://lib.rada.gov.ua/
static/about/text/slov_01.pdf. Consultation date: 11/11/2022.
LAZOR, Oleg. 2003. State administration in the eld of environmental policy
implementation in Ukraine: Organizational and legal foundations. Liga-
Press. Lviv, Ukraine.
MALYSH, N. A. 2011. Eective mechanisms for the formation of state
environmental policy. Monograph. K.I.S. Kyiv, Ukraine.
MIAHCHENKO, Oleksandr. 2010. The foundations of ecology. Textbook.
Center for educational literature. Kyiv, Ukraine.
607
CUESTIONES POLÍTICAS
Vol. 41 Nº 76 (2023): 592-610
OMAROV, Azad Enver ohly. 2016. “Management mechanisms of state policy
of providing environmental safety” In: Theory and Practice of Public
Administration. Vol. 3, pp. 203-208.
PRESIDENT OF UKRAINE. 2019. Decree of the President щf Ukraine
No. 1211/2005 “On the appointment of heads of appeal courts of
Dnipropetrovsk and Zaporizhzhia regions”. Available online. In: https://
www.president.gov.ua/documents/7222019-29825. Consultation date:
11/11/2022.
PRESIDENT OF UKRAINE. 2021. Decree no. 111/2021 “On the decision of
the national security and defense council of Ukraine dated March 23,
2021 ‘On challenges and threats to the national security of Ukraine
in the environmental sphere and priority measures to neutralize
them’». Available online. In: https://www.president.gov.ua/
documents/1112021-37505. Consultation date: 11/11/2022.
PUSHAK, Yaroslav; LAGODIIENKO, Volodymyr; BASIURKINA, Nataliya;
NEMCHENKO, Valerii; LAGODIIENKO, Nataliia. 2021. “Formation
the system for assessing the economic security of enterprise in the
agricultural sector” In: Business: Theory and Practice. Vol. 22, No. 1, pp.
80-90.
RADCHUK, Tayisiya. 2020. “Classication of mechanisms of public
management of innovative development of economy” In: Public
Management and Administration in Ukraine Vol. 19, pp. 124-127.
RYLACH, N. M. 2016. “Formation innovative paradigm: retrospective and
present” In: Actual Problems of International Relations. Vol. 1, No.
127. Available online. In: http://journals.iir.kiev.ua/index.php/apmv/
article/view/2953. Consultation date: 11/11/2022.
RYLACH, N. M. 2018. “Prospects for implementing an innovative economic
model in Ukraine: a global approach.” In: International Relations, Part
“Economic Sciences” Vol. 13. Available online. In: http://journals.iir.
kiev.ua/index.php/ec_n/article/view/3406/3081. Consultation date:
11/11/2022.
SAKHAEV, V; SHEVCHUK, V. 1995. Economics and organization of
environmental protection. High school. Kyiv, Ukraine. Available online.
In http://www.library.univ.kiev.ua/ukr/elcat/new/detail.php3?doc_
id=772011#. Consultation date: 11/11/2022.
SALNIKOVA, Olha; LAGODIIENKO, Volodymyr; IVANCHENKOVA, Larysa;
KOPYTKO, Vasyl; KULAK, Nataliia; USACHENKO, Oleksandr. 2019.
“Evaluation of the eectiveness of implementation blockchain technology
608
Olesia Holynska, Tetiana Bieloshapka, Halyna Kuspliak y Maria Kholod
Genesis of public administration of sustainable development in the eld of environmental security
in public administration” In: International Journal of Innovative
Technology and Exploring Engineering. Vol. 8, No. 9, pp. 1710-1713.
SAMOFATOVA, Viktoriia; SLATVINSKA, Maryna; RODCHENKO, Igor;
LEBEDIEVA, Vira; MORDOVETS, Mariya; ORLOVA, Viktoriia. 2019.
“Management of innovative costs of public administration institutions”
In: International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering. Vol. 8,
No. 3, pp. 3173-3177.
SEMENCHUK, Tetyana. 2013. “The essence of the category «public
administration» and the prerequisites for its formation” In: The Bulletin
of Transport and Industry Economics. Vol. 42, pp. 386-390.
SHCHERBAK, V.; GANUSHCHAK-YEFIMENKO, L.; NIFATOVA, O.;
TKACHUK, V.; PTASHCHENKO, O. 2020. “Use of key indicators to
monitor sustainable development of rural areas” Vol. 6, No. 2, pp. 175-
190.
SHYNKARUK, Lidiia; IVANCHENKOVA, Larysa; KYCHKO, Іryna;
KARTASHOVA, Olga; MELNYK, Yurii; OVCHARENKO, Tetiana. 2020.
“Managing the economy’s investment attractiveness of the state as a
component of international business development” In: International
Journal of Management. Vol. 11, No. 5, pp. 240-251.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 1992. About the Red Book of Ukraine.
Document 2750-XII. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/
laws/show/2750-xii#Text. Consultation date: 11/11/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 1993. About the Animal World. Document
3041-XII. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/
show/3041-12#Text. Consultation date: 11/11/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 1995. About Environmental Expertise.
Document 45/95-ВР. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/
laws/show/45/95-%D0%B2%D1%80/ed19950209#Text. Consultation
date: 11/11/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 1998. About the main directions of the
state policy of Ukraine in the eld of environmental protection, use of
natural resources and ensuring environmental safety. Document 188/98-
ВР. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/188/98-
%D0%B2%D1%80#Text. Consultation date: 11/11/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 2010a. On the main principles (strategy)
of the national environmental policy of Ukraine for the period until the
year 2020. Document 2818-VI. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.
gov.ua/laws/show/2818-17#Text. Consultation date: 11/11/2022.
609
CUESTIONES POLÍTICAS
Vol. 41 Nº 76 (2023): 592-610
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 2010b. Tax Code of Ukraine. Document
No 2755-VI. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/
main/2755-17. Consultation date: 11/11/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 2012. On Adopting the National Target
Program for Developing Water Management and Environmental
Improvement of the Dnipro River Basin for the Period up to 2021.
Document 4836-VI. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/
laws/show/4836-17#Text. Consultation date: 11/11/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 2019. On the key principles (strategy)
of the state environmental policy of Ukraine for the period till 2030.
Document 2697-VIII. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/
laws/show/2697-19#Text. Consultation date: 11/11/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 2020. Constitution OF Ukraine.
Document 254к/96-ВР. Available online. In: http://zakon.rada.gov.ua/
laws/show/254%D0%BA/96-%D0%B2%D1%80#Text. Consultation
date: 11/11/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 2021a. About the Animal World.
Document 2894-III. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/
laws/show/2894-14#Text. Consultation date: 11/11/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 2021b. About the Nature Reserve Fund of
Ukraine. Document 2456-XII. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.
gov.ua/laws/show/2456-12#Text. Consultation date: 11/11/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 2021c. About the Red Book of Ukraine.
Document 3055-III. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/
laws/show/3055-14#Text. Consultation date: 11/11/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 2022a. Forest Code of Ukraine.
Document 3852-XII. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/
laws/show/3852-12#Text. Consultation date: 11/11/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 2022b. On Environmental Impact
Assessment. Document 2059-VIII. Available online. In: https://zakon.
rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2059-19#Text. Consultation date: 11/11/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 2022c. On Environmental Protection.
Document 1264-XII. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/
laws/show/1264-12#Text. Consultation date: 11/11/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 2022d. The Code of Ukraine on Bowels.
Document 132/94-ВР. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.
ua/laws/show/132/94-%D0%B2%D1%80#Text. Consultation date:
11/11/2022.
610
Olesia Holynska, Tetiana Bieloshapka, Halyna Kuspliak y Maria Kholod
Genesis of public administration of sustainable development in the eld of environmental security
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 2022e. The Water Code of Ukraine.
Document 213/95-ВР. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.
ua/laws/show/213/95-%D0%B2%D1%80#Text. Consultation date:
11/11/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 2022. About atmospheric air protection.
Document 2707-XII. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/
laws/show/2707-12#Text. Consultation date: 18/11/2022.
VETVYTSKYI, Dmytro. 2010. “The development of the state environmental
policy of Ukraine in the conditions of globalization” PhD abstract thesis.
Academy of Municipal Administration Kyiv, Ukraine.
ZELENKOV, Andriy. 2018. “Management of government authorities and local
self-government using quality standards and organizational models” In:
Global and national problems of economics. Vol. 23, pp. 73-81.
ZELINSKA, Halyna; ANDRUSIV, Uliana; DALIAK, Nadiia; DOVGAL,
Olena; LAGODIIENKO, Volodymyr. 2021 “Sustainable development:
Trends in Ukraine and the world” In: Journal of Environmental
Management and Tourism. Vol. 12, No. 5, pp. 1179-1187.
ZHULAVSKY, O. Y; GORDIENKO, V. P. 2016. “Environmental safety
mechanism” In: Visnyk of Sumy State University. Economy series. Vol.
1, pp. 7-14.
ZHYHARIEVA, Hanna. 2014. “Conditions and trends of greening of public
administration” In: Derzhavne Upravlinnya: Udoskonalennya ta
Rozvytok. Vol. 8. Available online. In http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/
Duur_2014_8_11. Consultation date: 18/10/2022.
ZYBAREVA, Oksana; KRAVCHUK, Iryna; PUSHAK, Yaroslav; VERBIVSKA,
Liudmyla; MAKEIEVA, Olena. 2021. “Economic and legal aspects of the
network readiness of the enterprises in Ukraine in the context of business
improving” In: Estudios de Economia Aplicada, Vol. 39, No. 5, pp. 01-19.
www.luz.edu.ve
www.serbi.luz.edu.ve
www.produccioncienticaluz.org
Esta revista fue editada en formato digital y publicada
en enero de 2023, por el Fondo Editorial Serbiluz,
Universidad del Zulia. Maracaibo-Venezuela
Vol.41 Nº 76
