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318 Urdaneta
Interacción y Perspectiva. Revista de Trabajo Social Vol. 16(1): 2026
A strategic social intervention model for regional public
health
Abstract. is article presents and analyzes a strategic social intervention model,
conceived as a comprehensive response to the critical situation of access to quality
oncological services for vulnerable populations in Maracaibo, Zulia State, Venezuela.
e proposal, originated and promoted by the Fundación Social Voces de Esperanza,
is structured on an interdependent and synergistic triptych of action: 1) the imple-
mentation of the “Dr. Ángel Adolfo Urdaneta Aguirre” Popular Medical Center for
Oncological Patient Care (OncoVida Center), as the operational axis of direct care; 2)
political advocacy for the approval of the Draft Law for the Comprehensive Protection
of Oncological Patients in Zulia State, seeking to create the necessary legal-institu-
tional framework, including the creation of the Zulia Oncology Institute (IZO); and
3) the consolidation of the Open Chair for Social Work, Resilience, and Oncological
Citizenship (TSR-CO) at the University of Zulia (LUZ), as a fundamental pillar for
the training of specialized human capital, applied research, and technical-scientific
support for the model. Methodologically, the design, planning, and future evaluation
of the model are based on the Logical Framework Methodology (LFM), ensuring
management oriented towards measurable and verifiable results. e model not only
aims to improve medical care, with goals such as serving 10,000 patients annually and
reducing costs by 40% compared to the private sector, but also to strengthen social
capital, promote equity, influence public policies, and align with Sustainable Develop-
ment Goals (SDGs) 3 and 10. e socio-sanitary justification, the components of the
model, its theoretical foundation (Civil Society eory, Social Capital, Human Rights
Approach), and its multidimensional sustainability strategy (financial, institutional,
social, and environmental) are discussed in detail.
Keywords: social intervention, public health, oncology, logical framework, public policy.
INTRODUCCIÓN
La República Bolivariana de Venezuela, constituida como un Estado democrático y social
de Derecho y de Justicia, consagra en su Carta Magna (CRBV, 1999, Art. 83) la salud como un
derecho social fundamental, intrínsecamente ligado al derecho a la vida, y establece la obligación
irrenunciable del Estado de garantizarlo. Sin embargo, la brecha entre el mandato constitucional y
la realidad socio-sanitaria del país se ha profundizado dramáticamente en las últimas décadas. La
prolongada y compleja crisis humanitaria, caracterizada por una severa contracción económica,
hiperinflación, deterioro de los servicios públicos y una significativa migración de talento humano,
ha impactado de forma devastadora el sistema nacional de salud (HumVenezuela, 2024).
En este contexto de fragilidad institucional y precariedad generalizada, la atención de enfer-
medades crónicas, complejas y de alto costo, como el cáncer, se ha tornado particularmente crítica.
La Sociedad Anticancerosa de Venezuela (SAV), en sus boletines anuales, ha documentado consis-
tentemente el alarmante panorama epidemiológico. Para el año 2024, las proyecciones indicaban
un incremento estimado del 28,81% en la mortalidad por cáncer a nivel nacional en comparación
con las cifras de 2016 (pasando de 25.836 a 33.280 decesos estimados), y un aumento del 14,64%