Ocurrencia, vías de contaminación y evaluación del riesgo de elementos potencialmente tóxicos en la leche de vaca procedente de zonas industriales y no industriales de Turquía
Resumen
En este estudio, se tuvo como objetivo comparar las concentraciones de elementos potencialmente tóxicos esenciales y no esenciales (Al, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Ni, Pb, Se y Zn) en muestras de leche recolectadas en diferentes etapas de lactación de vacas criadas en zonas industriales y no industriales de Hatay, determinar las posibles vías de contaminación de los elementos potencialmente tóxicos en la leche cruda y revelar el riesgo potencial de exposición a estos elementos a través del consumo de leche en adultos. Con este propósito, se recolectaron un total de 216 muestras individuales de leche cruda de vaca, 72 muestras de agua de bebida y 72 muestras de alimento de 24 granjas lecheras. Los niveles de los elementos potencialmente tóxicos seleccionados se midieron mediante espectrometría de masas con plasma acoplado inductivamente. La evaluación del riesgo para la salud se reveló mediante el cálculo de la ingesta diaria estimada y el cociente de riesgo objetivo. Todos los elementos, excepto Cd y Hg, fueron detectados en todas las muestras analizadas. Los valores de cociente de riesgo objetivo calculados para todos los elementos, excepto Al, se encontraron por debajo de 1. Estos resultados destacan que la exposición al aluminio a través del consumo de leche en esta región puede conducir a riesgos para la salud en adultos.
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